Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilini, Greece.
Environ Manage. 2011 Jan;47(1):77-92. doi: 10.1007/s00267-010-9575-2. Epub 2010 Oct 16.
Nature provides life-support services which do not merely constitute the basis for ecosystem integrity but also benefit human societies. The importance of such multiple outputs is often ignored or underestimated in environmental planning and decision making. The economic valuation of ecosystem functions or services has been widely used to make these benefits economically visible and thus address this deficiency. Alternatively, the relative importance of the components of ecosystem value can be identified and compared by means of multi-criteria evaluation. Hereupon, this article proposes a conceptual framework that couples ecosystem function analysis, multi criteria evaluation and social research methodologies for introducing an ecosystem function-based planning and management approach. The framework consists of five steps providing the structure of a participative decision making process which is then tested and ratified, by applying the discrete multi-criteria method NAIADE, in the Kalloni Natura 2000 site, on Lesbos, Greece. Three scenarios were developed and evaluated with regard to their impacts on the different types of ecosystem functions and the social actors' value judgements. A conflict analysis permitted the better elaboration of the different views, outlining the coalitions formed in the local community and shaping the way towards reaching a consensus.
自然提供生命支持服务，这些服务不仅构成了生态系统完整性的基础，也使人类社会受益。在环境规划和决策中，往往忽视或低估了这些多重产出的重要性。生态系统功能或服务的经济估值已被广泛用于使这些效益在经济上变得可见，从而弥补这一不足。或者，可以通过多准则评价来确定和比较生态系统价值的组成部分的相对重要性。在此基础上，本文提出了一个概念框架，将生态系统功能分析、多准则评价和社会研究方法相结合，引入基于生态系统功能的规划和管理方法。该框架由五个步骤组成，提供了一个参与式决策过程的结构，然后通过应用离散多准则方法 NAIADE 在希腊莱斯博斯岛的 Kalloni Natura 2000 地点进行测试和批准。针对不同类型的生态系统功能和社会行为者的价值判断，制定和评估了三个方案。通过冲突分析，可以更好地阐述不同观点，勾勒出当地社区形成的联盟，并为达成共识指明方向。
