Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Università di Bologna, Via Angherà 22, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Apr 1;548-549:25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.021. Epub 2016 Jan 19.
In this paper, I propose a general, consistent, and operational approach that accounts for ecosystem services in a decision-making context: I link ecosystem services to sustainable development criteria; adopt multi-criteria analysis to measure ecosystem services, with weights provided by stakeholders used to account for equity issues; apply both temporal and spatial discount rates; and adopt a technique to order performance of the possible solutions based on their similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) to account for uncertainty about the parameters and functions. Applying this approach in a case study of an offshore research platform in Italy (CNR Acqua Alta) revealed that decisions depend non-linearly on the degree of loss aversion, to a smaller extent on a global focus (as opposed to a local focus), and to the smallest extent on social concerns (as opposed to economic or environmental concerns). Application of the general model to the case study leads to the conclusion that the ecosystem services framework is likely to be less useful in supporting decisions than in identifying the crucial features on which decisions depend, unless experts from different disciplines are involved, stakeholders are represented, and experts and stakeholders achieve mutual understanding.
在本文中，我提出了一种通用、一致且可操作的方法，在决策情境中考虑生态系统服务：我将生态系统服务与可持续发展标准联系起来；采用多标准分析来衡量生态系统服务，权重由利益相关者提供，以解决公平问题；同时应用时间和空间贴现率；并采用一种基于理想解排序（TOPSIS）的方法来对可能的解决方案进行排序，以考虑参数和功能的不确定性。将该方法应用于意大利（CNR Acqua Alta）近海研究平台的案例研究表明，决策不仅取决于损失厌恶程度的非线性，还取决于对全局（而不是局部）的关注程度，以及对社会关注（而不是经济或环境关注）的最小关注程度。将通用模型应用于案例研究得出的结论是，生态系统服务框架在支持决策方面可能不如在确定决策所依赖的关键特征方面有用，除非涉及不同学科的专家、利益相关者得到代表，并且专家和利益相关者达成共识。
