Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Xenotransplantation. 2010 Sep-Oct;17(5):338-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2010.00608.x.
As the worldwide demand for human donor corneas far exceeds supply, there is a need for a new source of corneas for clinical transplantation. Genetically engineered pigs may prove to be that new source, particularly as current evidence indicates that the anatomical and biomechanical properties of human and pig corneas are similar. Experience with clinical and experimental corneal xenotransplantation has been comprehensively reviewed and is summarized. Studies in small and large animal models have documented that both humoral and cellular immune responses play roles in xenograft rejection. Recent progress in the genetic manipulation of pigs has led to the prospect that clinical corneal xenotransplantation, in the absence of exogenous immunosuppressive therapy, may become successful in the foreseeable future.
由于全球对人供体角膜的需求远远超过供应，因此需要一种新的角膜来源用于临床移植。基因工程猪可能成为这种新的来源，特别是因为目前的证据表明，人眼角膜和猪眼角膜的解剖和生物力学特性相似。对临床和实验性角膜异种移植的经验进行了全面回顾和总结。在小动物和大动物模型中的研究表明，体液和细胞免疫反应都在异种移植物排斥中起作用。猪的基因操作的最新进展使得临床角膜异种移植有望在可预见的将来在没有外源性免疫抑制治疗的情况下获得成功。
