Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver V5Z163, British Columbia, Canada.
Sex Transm Infect. 2011 Feb;87(1):52-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.2009.041392. Epub 2010 Oct 18.
Cervical cancer and genital warts are diseases associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Cervical smear testing is used as a cervical cancer screening tool in most countries worldwide. The newly introduced vaccines that prevent HPV infections are the quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil), which prevents genital warts and cervical cancer, and the bivalent vaccine (Cervarix), which prevents cervical cancer only. Public preferences for HPV vaccines and smear test screening were determined using a discrete choice experiment.
Participants from across Canada completed a choice-based questionnaire to measure preferences from which willingness to pay (WTP) was calculated for the following: (1) lifetime risk of cervical cancer and genital warts, (2) frequency of smear testing, (3) need for vaccine booster, (4) target group to vaccinate, (5) frequency of side effects and (6) cost of the vaccine (from 2008). A mixed effect logistic model was used to analyse the data.
Of the 1157 participants, the mean age was 44 years (SD 15) and 49% were women. Respondents preferred a vaccine that gave lifelong immunity, a vaccination programme that targeted boys and girls and a vaccine that gave protection from genital warts and cervical cancer. Respondents were averse to yearly smear testing. On average, respondents were willing to pay $C53 and $C22 to avoid a 1% increase in the risk of cervical cancer and genital warts, respectively.
Society agrees with the introduction of the HPV vaccination programme, but would prefer a programme that targets boys and girls with the quadrivalent vaccine.
宫颈癌和生殖器疣是人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染相关的疾病。宫颈涂片检查在世界范围内的大多数国家被用作宫颈癌筛查工具。新引入的预防 HPV 感染的疫苗有四价疫苗（加德西），可预防生殖器疣和宫颈癌，以及二价疫苗（佳达修），仅预防宫颈癌。使用离散选择实验来确定 HPV 疫苗和涂片检查筛查的公众偏好。
来自加拿大各地的参与者完成了基于选择的问卷，以衡量以下方面的偏好：（1）宫颈癌和生殖器疣的终身风险，（2）涂片检查的频率，（3）疫苗加强针的需求，（4）接种疫苗的目标人群，（5）副作用的频率，以及（6）疫苗的成本（2008 年）。使用混合效应逻辑模型分析数据。
在 1157 名参与者中，平均年龄为 44 岁（标准差 15），49%为女性。受访者更喜欢一种能提供终身免疫力的疫苗、一种针对男孩和女孩的疫苗接种计划，以及一种能预防生殖器疣和宫颈癌的疫苗。受访者不喜欢每年进行涂片检查。平均而言，受访者愿意支付 53 加元和 22 加元，以避免宫颈癌和生殖器疣风险分别增加 1%。
社会赞成引入 HPV 疫苗接种计划，但更倾向于针对男孩和女孩的四价疫苗接种计划。
