University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2011 Aug;26(12):2483-98. doi: 10.1177/0886260510383029. Epub 2010 Oct 18.
This study explores community violence exposures among African American adolescents and whether coping strategies were gendered. In-depth interviews are conducted with a sample of 32 African American high school students. Data are analyzed using a thematic analysis. The primary forms of violence exposures are physical attacks, fighting, and incidents involving police, gun violence, and murders. Boys report more exposure to violence as victims and witnesses, whereas girls are more likely to hear about violent acts. Coping styles range from "getting through," which included both an acceptance of community conditions; "getting along," which included self-defense techniques; "getting away," which included avoidance coping strategies; and "getting back," which consisted of confrontational coping strategies. Boys report more confrontational coping styles than are girls, who utilized more avoidance approaches. Widespread school-based interventions are warranted, given the high prevalence of community violence exposure among these youth and may provide important supports for coping against such trauma.
本研究探讨了非裔美国青少年的社区暴力经历，以及应对策略是否存在性别差异。对 32 名非裔美国高中生进行了深入访谈。使用主题分析对数据进行分析。主要的暴力经历形式包括身体攻击、打架以及涉及警察、枪支暴力和谋杀的事件。男孩报告说，作为受害者和目击者，他们遭受的暴力事件更多，而女孩则更有可能听说过暴力行为。应对方式包括“接受”，包括接受社区的现状；“适应”，包括自卫技巧；“逃避”，包括回避应对策略；以及“反击”，包括对抗性应对策略。男孩报告的对抗性应对方式比女孩多，女孩则更多地采用回避方法。鉴于这些年轻人普遍经历过社区暴力，有必要在学校开展广泛的干预措施，为应对这种创伤提供重要支持。
