Cogn Neuropsychol. 2002 Dec 1;19(8):697-720. doi: 10.1080/02643290244000121.
We compared the performance in a picture-name matching task of 10 patients suffering from left cerebral hemisphere (LH) damage and 10 from right hemisphere (RH) damage. The tasks showed detailed figures of nonrigid objects (animals) and rigid objects (artefacts), and each object was shown in two separate views: a noncanonical view (an unusual perspective for rigid objects or a contorted pose for the nonrigid ones) and a canonical view (a typical perspective and pose). Patients with LH damage were specifically impaired in identifying noncanonical (contorted) poses of nonrigid objects (animals). In a second picture-name matching experiment, using the divided visual field technique, normal subjects matched names to images of nonrigid shapes (animals) shown in canonical and noncanonical perspectives of noncontorted, typical poses of the animals. It was found that the normal subjects' RH identified these perspectives better than their LH. We conclude that computationally different problems are solved by different cerebral mechanisms when identifying flexible objects and when identifying rigid objects. We propose the idea that identifying flexible objects when their shapes contort relies on accessing stored descriptions of objects' parts and their "categorical" spatial relations and that both types of information are encoded better by the LH. In contrast, we propose that the RH is more adept at identifying different perspectives of rigid objects (and flexible objects when their shapes do not contort) because of this hemisphere's superiority in encoding specific global shapes and their views, and in coordinate spatial transformation.
我们比较了 10 名左脑半球（LH）损伤患者和 10 名右脑半球（RH）损伤患者在图片-名称匹配任务中的表现。任务展示了非刚性物体（动物）和刚性物体（人工制品）的详细图像，每个物体都显示在两个单独的视图中：非规范视图（刚性物体的不常见视角或非刚性物体的扭曲姿势）和规范视图（典型视角和姿势）。LH 损伤患者在识别非刚性物体（动物）的非规范（扭曲）姿势方面特别受损。在第二个图片-名称匹配实验中，使用分视技术，正常受试者将名称与非刚性形状（动物）的图像匹配，这些图像以非规范和非扭曲、典型姿势的规范视角展示。结果发现，正常受试者的 RH 比 LH 更能识别这些视角。我们得出结论，在识别柔性物体和刚性物体时，大脑机制解决了不同的计算问题。我们提出了这样的想法，即当物体的形状扭曲时，识别柔性物体依赖于访问物体各部分及其“分类”空间关系的存储描述，而这两种类型的信息都由 LH 更好地编码。相比之下，我们提出 RH 更擅长识别刚性物体的不同视角（以及当物体形状不扭曲时的柔性物体），因为该半球在编码特定的整体形状及其视图以及坐标空间转换方面具有优势。
