Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2011 Apr 21;149(1-2):17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.09.032. Epub 2010 Oct 7.
In 2001 a new Pestivirus (Family Flaviviridae) was associated with an outbreak of a previously unreported disease in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) in the Pyrenees (NE Spain). Molecular characterization assigned this virus to the Border Disease Virus (BDV) cluster, BDV-4 genotype. A retrospective study was performed in archived sera and spleen of 74 Pyrenean chamois and in archived sera of 28 mouflon (Ovis ammon), 56 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 43 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and 29 fallow deer (Dama dama) from the Pyrenees between the years 1990 and 2000. Thirty six of 74 (48.6%) sera of Pyrenean chamois, one of mouflon and one of red deer were positive by an ELISA antibody test. Comparative virus neutralization tests were performed on 26 seropositive chamois, one mouflon and one red deer, using five pestivirus strains. An ELISA antigen test was performed on 37 seronegative chamois and yielded positive results in one chamois and inconclusive result in two. RT-PCR and virus isolation performed on spleen samples from these three animals gave positive results in the positive and one inconclusive animal. Sequence analysis in the 5' unstranslated region revealed that they were grouped into the BDV-4 genotype. Virological and serological data of the present study indicate that BDV infection has been present in the chamois population since at least 1990, 11 years before the first outbreak of disease. Therefore, the emergence of the disease in 2001 is apparently due to other factors rather than the introduction of a new virus in the chamois population.
2001 年,一种新的瘟病毒(黄病毒科)与比利牛斯野山羊(Rupicapra pyrenaica)中一种以前未报告的疾病爆发有关,该疾病爆发于比利牛斯山脉(西班牙东北部)。分子特征将该病毒归为边界病病毒(BDV)簇,BDV-4 基因型。对 74 只比利牛斯野山羊的存档血清和脾脏以及 28 只摩弗伦羊(Ovis ammon)、56 只马鹿(Cervus elaphus)、43 只狍(Capreolus capreolus)和 29 只黇鹿(Dama dama)的存档血清进行了回顾性研究,这些动物都来自于 1990 年至 2000 年期间的比利牛斯山脉。通过 ELISA 抗体检测,74 只比利牛斯野山羊中有 36 只(48.6%)血清、1 只摩弗伦羊和 1 只马鹿血清为阳性。对 26 只血清阳性的野山羊、1 只摩弗伦羊和 1 只马鹿进行了比较病毒中和试验,使用了 5 种瘟病毒株。对 37 只血清阴性的野山羊进行了 ELISA 抗原检测,其中 1 只野山羊呈阳性,2 只结果不确定。对这三只动物的脾脏样本进行 RT-PCR 和病毒分离,阳性和一只不确定的动物均呈阳性结果。5'非翻译区的序列分析表明,它们属于 BDV-4 基因型。本研究的病毒学和血清学数据表明,BDV 感染至少从 1990 年开始就在野山羊种群中存在,也就是疾病首次爆发的 11 年前。因此,2001 年疾病的爆发显然不是由于野山羊种群中新病毒的引入,而是其他因素所致。