Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010 Sep;28(3):164-73. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892010000900006.
To determine prevalence of blood pressure control, hypertension, hypertension awareness, and antihypertensive treatment among adults (> 18 years old) with diabetes living in the border region between the United States of America and Mexico, and to explore variation in those variables between all adults on the Mexican side of the border ("Mexicans") and three groups on the U.S. side of the border ("all U.S. adults," "U.S.-born Hispanics," and "Mexican immigrants").
Using data from Phase I (February 2001-October 2002) of the U.S.-Mexico Border Diabetes Prevention and Control Project, a prevalence study of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors, age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension-related variables was calculated for the sample (n = 682) and differences between the border groups were examined through logistic regression.
Less than one-third of the sample had controlled blood pressure (< 130/80 mm Hg), almost half had hypertension (≥140/90 mm Hg), and hypertension awareness and treatment were inadequate. After adjusting for demographics, body mass index, and access to health care, there were no differences in blood pressure control, hypertension, hypertension awareness, or treatment between Mexicans and both U.S. adults and Mexican immigrants. However, compared to Mexicans and Mexican immigrants, U.S.-born Hispanics, particularly younger individuals, had the lowest rates of blood pressure control (17.3%) and the highest rates of coexisting hypertension (54.8%). Compared to Mexicans, U.S.-born Hispanics had lower odds of controlled blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09-0.95) and greater odds of hypertension (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.51-9.29) and hypertension awareness (OR 6.19, 95% CI 1.46-26.15).
Co-occurrence of diabetes and hypertension is a major public health problem among U.S.-Mexico border residents. The low rate of blood pressure control among various border groups, especially younger U.S.-born Hispanics, suggests that initiatives should aggressively target blood pressure control.
确定居住在美国和墨西哥边境地区的成年糖尿病患者（年龄大于 18 岁）的血压控制、高血压、高血压知晓率和降压治疗的流行情况，并探讨这些变量在边境地区所有墨西哥人（“墨西哥人”）与美国边境地区三组人群（“所有美国成年人”、“美国出生的西班牙裔”和“墨西哥移民”）之间的差异。
使用美国-墨西哥边境糖尿病预防和控制项目第一阶段（2001 年 2 月至 2002 年 10 月）的数据，该研究是一项关于 2 型糖尿病及其危险因素的患病率研究，为样本（n=682）计算了与高血压相关变量的年龄调整患病率，并通过逻辑回归检查了边境组之间的差异。
不到三分之一的样本血压得到控制（<130/80mmHg），近一半患有高血压（≥140/90mmHg），高血压知晓率和治疗率不足。调整人口统计学、体重指数和获得医疗保健的机会后，墨西哥人与美国成年人和墨西哥移民在血压控制、高血压、高血压知晓率或治疗方面均无差异。然而，与墨西哥人和墨西哥移民相比，美国出生的西班牙裔，特别是年轻个体，血压控制率最低（17.3%），同时患有高血压的比例最高（54.8%）。与墨西哥人相比，美国出生的西班牙裔控制血压的几率较低（比值比[OR]0.30，95%置信区间[CI]0.09-0.95），高血压的几率较高（OR 3.75，95%CI 1.51-9.29）和高血压知晓率（OR 6.19，95%CI 1.46-26.15）。
糖尿病和高血压的并发是美国-墨西哥边境居民的一个主要公共卫生问题。各种边境群体，特别是年轻的美国出生的西班牙裔，血压控制率较低，这表明需要积极采取措施控制血压。
