Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USA.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2010 Oct;10(7):937-46. doi: 10.1586/erm.10.67.
Despite the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the cause of tuberculosis (TB) more than a century ago, diagnosing TB in resource-poor countries remains a challenge, especially in people living with HIV. In the past decade, important research investments have been made towards the development of new diagnostics for TB and the Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, CA, USA) has emerged as one of the most promising. In this article, we review the current knowledge on Xpert MTB/RIF, discuss the potential value of Xpert MTB/RIF as a point-of-care diagnostic for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB, and outline the potential indications for the assay in resource-limited, high-HIV burden settings. We also discuss key research questions that need to be addressed prior to possible large-scale implementation of the assay.
尽管一个多世纪前就已经确定结核分枝杆菌是结核病（TB）的病原体，但在资源匮乏的国家诊断结核病仍然是一个挑战，特别是在 HIV 感染者中。在过去的十年中，人们对开发新的结核病诊断方法进行了重要的研究投资，而 Xpert(®) MTB/RIF 检测（Cepheid，CA，美国）已成为最有前途的方法之一。在本文中，我们回顾了 Xpert MTB/RIF 的现有知识，讨论了 Xpert MTB/RIF 作为一种针对药物敏感和耐药结核病的即时诊断检测的潜在价值，并概述了该检测在资源有限、HIV 负担高的环境中的潜在应用。我们还讨论了在可能大规模实施该检测之前需要解决的关键研究问题。
