DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2011 Apr;9(4):457-69. doi: 10.1586/eri.11.23.
Recent developments in the field of TB diagnostics, including the introduction of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in field testing, raise the hope for faster and more accurate identification of active TB patients. However, there are still many issues that need to be addressed as no point-of-care tests are yet available. Furthermore, no tests are available which are universally applicable to all patients. Improvements in the microbiological and molecular-based approaches are promising and the diagnostic pipeline is encouraging. Host markers associated with active disease may hold promise, especially in situations where sputum diagnostics are problematic, including in children, HIV-infected individuals and in the case of extrapulmonary TB.
近年来，结核病诊断领域取得了一些进展，包括在现场检测中引入 Xpert MTB/RIF 检测，这为更快、更准确地识别活动性结核病患者带来了希望。然而，由于还没有即时检测手段，仍有许多问题需要解决。此外，也没有普遍适用于所有患者的检测方法。基于微生物和分子的检测方法的改进很有前景，诊断技术也在不断发展。与活动性疾病相关的宿主标志物可能具有潜力，特别是在痰诊断存在问题的情况下，包括在儿童、HIV 感染者以及肺外结核病的情况下。
