Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2011 May;92(5):1409-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.002. Epub 2010 Oct 20.
Current fisheries management is, unfortunately, reactive rather than proactive to changes in fishery characteristics. Furthermore, anglers do not act independently on waterbodies, and thus, fisheries are complex socio-ecological systems. Proactive management of these complex systems necessitates an approach--adaptive fisheries management--that allows learning to occur simultaneously with management. A promising area for implementation of adaptive fisheries management is the study of luring anglers to or from specific waterbodies to meet management goals. Purposeful manipulation of anglers, and its associated field of study, is nonexistent in past management. Evaluation of different management practices (i.e., hypotheses) through an iterative adaptive management process should include both a biological and sociological survey to address changes in fish populations and changes in angler satisfaction related to changes in management. We believe adaptive management is ideal for development and assessment of management strategies targeted at angler participation. Moreover these concepts and understandings should be applicable to other natural resource users such as hunters and hikers.
目前的渔业管理是对渔业特征变化的一种被动反应，而不是主动反应。此外，垂钓者在水体上的行为并不是孤立的，因此，渔业是一个复杂的社会生态系统。要对这些复杂系统进行主动管理，就需要采用一种方法，即适应性渔业管理，以便在管理的同时能够进行学习。在实施适应性渔业管理方面有一个很有前景的领域，就是研究如何吸引垂钓者到特定水体或远离特定水体，以实现管理目标。有目的地操纵垂钓者及其相关的研究领域，在过去的管理中是不存在的。通过迭代适应性管理过程来评估不同的管理实践（即假设），应该包括生物学和社会学调查，以解决鱼类种群的变化以及与管理变化相关的垂钓者满意度的变化。我们认为，适应性管理是开发和评估针对垂钓者参与的管理策略的理想方法。此外，这些概念和理解应该适用于其他自然资源使用者，如猎人和徒步旅行者。
