Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital Providence, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
Early Hum Dev. 2011 Jan;87(1):31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.09.374.
Very low birth weight infants (VLBW, <1500 g) have increased impact on families compared to term infants. However, there is limited research examining this impact in the first months post-discharge.
To determine maternal, neonatal, and infant characteristics associated with greater impact on the family at 3 months corrected age in VLBW infants. It was hypothesized that social/environmental and medical risk factors would be associated with higher impact.
Maternal, neonatal, and infant data were collected prospectively. Parents completed the Impact on Family, Family Support, and Family Resource Scales. Associations between characteristics and impact scores were analyzed by t-test and Pearson's correlation. Regression models for each impact score identified significant risk factors for impact.
152 VLBW infants born February 28, 2007 to September 5, 2008 who had a follow-up evaluation at 3 months corrected age.
Impact on family.
Siblings in the home, neonatal medical risk factors, longer hospitalization, more days on ventilator or oxygen, lower gestational age, lower social support, and poorer family resources were associated with increased impact. Multivariate analyses identified siblings in the home, poorer family resources, lower gestational age, and oxygen requirement at 3 months as the most important predictors of impact.
Social/environmental and medical risk factors contribute to impact on family. Families with identified risk factors should receive support services to assist them in coping with the burden of caring for a VLBW infant.
极低出生体重儿（VLBW，<1500 克）与足月婴儿相比，对家庭的影响更大。然而，在出院后最初几个月内，对此影响的研究有限。
确定与极低出生体重儿在 3 个月校正年龄时对家庭影响更大相关的产妇、新生儿和婴儿特征。假设社会/环境和医疗风险因素与更高的影响有关。
前瞻性收集产妇、新生儿和婴儿数据。父母完成了对家庭、家庭支持和家庭资源的影响、支持和资源量表的评估。通过 t 检验和 Pearson 相关分析，对特征与影响评分之间的关系进行分析。对每个影响评分的回归模型确定了影响的显著风险因素。
2007 年 2 月 28 日至 2008 年 9 月 5 日出生的 152 名极低出生体重儿，在 3 个月校正年龄时有随访评估。
对家庭的影响。
家中有兄弟姐妹、新生儿医疗风险因素、住院时间延长、呼吸机或氧气使用天数增加、胎龄较低、社会支持较差、家庭资源较差与影响增加有关。多变量分析确定了家庭中存在兄弟姐妹、家庭资源较差、胎龄较低以及 3 个月时需要吸氧是影响的最重要预测因素。
社会/环境和医疗风险因素会影响家庭的影响。有确定风险因素的家庭应获得支持服务，以帮助他们应对照顾极低出生体重儿的负担。
