希腊中部一家大学医院新生儿重症监护病房中早产儿父母的压力及应对策略
Preterm Parents' Stress and Coping Strategies in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a University Hospital of Central Greece.
作者信息
Malliarou Maria, Karadonta Anni, Mitroulas Spyros, Paralikas Theodosios, Kotrotsiou Stiliani, Athanasios Nikolentzos, Sarafis Pavlos
机构信息
University of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Hellenic Open University, Larissa, Greece.
出版信息
Mater Sociomed. 2021 Dec;33(4):244-249. doi: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.244-249.
BACKGROUND
The early birth of a newborn and the hospital care in the intensive care causes stress to parents.
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this study was to investigate preterm parents' level of stress and which coping strategies do they use in a Neonatal Intensive care Unit in a University Hospital of Central Greece.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used a group of 82 preterm parents in the Neonatal Intensive care unit in a University Hospital of Central Greece. They were asked to answer a questionnaire with the Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS: NICU), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (BRIEF/COPE), Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES). The McNemar test was used to compare fathers 'and mothers' views on psychological support. The paired t-test or the Wilcoxon-signed rank test was used to compare scores between fathers and mothers. The levels of importance are bilateral and the statistical importance was defined as 0.5. For the analysis SPSS 22.0 was used.
RESULTS
The most common cause of admission to NICU was low birth weight. The severity of the preterm's condition was found to be independently correlated with PSS-NICU score due to "sights and sounds" and due to "Infant Appearance and behaviour" in the NICU. The severity of the child's condition and the parents' DSES score were found to be independently correlated to the stress score due to their "parent-infant relationship". Mothers 'and fathers' scores on the dimensions of the Brief-COPE Questionnaire were similar, suggesting a similar way of managing stress. Substance use, religion, humor were found to correlate with total score of PSS-NICU. More specifically PSS-NICU correlated negatively with substance use (r=-0.30 p=0.009) and humor (r=-0.28 p=0.016) while it correlated positively with religion (r=0.29 p=0.011).
CONCLUSION
Mothers and fathers of preterm need support. Spirituality and religion, helps then face the challenges of having their baby hospitalized in a NICU.
背景
新生儿早产及在重症监护室接受医院护理会给父母带来压力。
目的
本研究的主要目的是调查希腊中部一家大学医院新生儿重症监护病房中早产患儿父母的压力水平以及他们采用何种应对策略。
方法
这项横断面研究选取了希腊中部一家大学医院新生儿重症监护病房的82名早产患儿父母。他们被要求回答一份包含父母压力源量表：新生儿重症监护病房（PSS：NICU）、应对问题的取向（BRIEF/COPE）、日常精神体验量表（DSES）的问卷。采用麦克尼马尔检验比较父亲和母亲对心理支持的看法。使用配对t检验或威尔科克森符号秩检验比较父亲和母亲之间的得分。重要性水平是双侧的，统计显著性定义为0.05。分析使用SPSS 22.0。
结果
入住新生儿重症监护病房最常见的原因是低出生体重。发现早产儿病情的严重程度与新生儿重症监护病房中因“视觉和声音”以及因“婴儿外貌和行为”导致的PSS - NICU得分独立相关。发现孩子病情的严重程度和父母的DSES得分与因“亲子关系”导致的压力得分独立相关。父母在Brief - COPE问卷各维度上的得分相似，表明应对压力的方式相似。发现物质使用、宗教、幽默与PSS - NICU总分相关。更具体地说，PSS - NICU与物质使用呈负相关（r = -0.30，p = 0.009）和幽默呈负相关（r = -0.28，p = 0.016），而与宗教呈正相关（r = 0.29，p = 0.011）。
结论
早产患儿的父母需要支持。精神性和宗教信仰有助于他们面对孩子在新生儿重症监护病房住院的挑战。
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