Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Prosthet Dent. 2010 Nov;104(5):293-300. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3913(10)60142-4.
Strain levels in periimplant bone are affected by implant dimensions, bone quality, and implant insertion depth, resulting in different bone maintenance characteristics.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical response of the jaw bone to a wide-diameter, short (WDS) implant, and a narrow-diameter, long (NDL) implant for various simulated clinical scenarios.
The finite element method was used to evaluate periimplant bone strain distribution for 5 × 6-mm (WDS) and 3.5 × 10.7-mm (NDL) implants. A 3-dimensional segment of the mandible was constructed from a computerized tomography image of the premolar region. Occlusal force was simulated by applying a 100-N oblique load on the abutment. Bone strain distributions for 5 different implant insertion depths and 2 different levels of alveolar bone quality were evaluated.
For an NDL implant, approximately 60% to 80% of the bone volume surrounding the implant was subjected to 200-1000 μstrain (μɛ), and 15% to 35% was subjected to 1000-3000 μɛ, regardless of the alveolar bone quality. For a WDS implant, the bone volume subjected to 1000-3000 μɛ increased, and the bone volume subjected to 200-1000 μɛ decreased in lower quality alveolar bone. For both implant types, bone volume experiencing strain levels less than 200 μɛ, and/or greater than 3000 μɛ, was predicted to be relatively small.
In general, the thread design promoted relatively high strain around the thread tips, and the bone inside grooves was less strained. A more even and higher strain distribution in the periimplant bone was generated by the WDS implant as compared to the NDL implant. Regardless of the implant dimensions and simulated clinical scenarios, the development of high strain in the alveolar region was inevitable. Strain levels in periimplant bone were reduced as the insertion depth of the implant was increased.
种植体周围骨的应变水平受种植体尺寸、骨质量和种植体植入深度的影响，导致不同的骨维持特性。
本研究的目的是评估宽直径短（WDS）种植体和窄直径长（NDL）种植体在各种模拟临床情况下对颌骨的生物力学反应。
使用有限元法评估 5×6mm（WDS）和 3.5×10.7mm（NDL）种植体的种植体周围骨应变分布。从磨牙区的计算机断层扫描图像构建下颌骨的 3 维节段。通过在基台上施加 100N 的斜向载荷来模拟咬合力。评估了 5 种不同种植体植入深度和 2 种不同牙槽骨质量水平的骨应变分布。
对于 NDL 种植体，无论牙槽骨质量如何，大约 60%到 80%的种植体周围骨体积受到 200-1000μstrain（μɛ）的作用，15%到 35%的骨体积受到 1000-3000μɛ的作用。对于 WDS 种植体，在质量较低的牙槽骨中，承受 1000-3000μɛ的骨体积增加，而承受 200-1000μɛ的骨体积减少。对于这两种种植体类型，预测承受应变水平小于 200μɛ和/或大于 3000μɛ的骨体积相对较小。
总的来说，螺纹设计促进了螺纹尖端周围较高的应变，而凹槽内的骨应变较小。与 NDL 种植体相比，WDS 种植体在种植体周围骨中产生了更均匀和更高的应变分布。无论种植体尺寸和模拟临床情况如何，牙槽骨区域的高应变都是不可避免的。随着种植体植入深度的增加，种植体周围骨的应变水平降低。
