Rehabilitation Sciences Research Centre, c/o Royal Talbot Rehabilitation Centre, 1 Yarra Boulevard, Victoria, Australia.
Gait Posture. 2011 Jan;33(1):29-35. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.017.
This study recorded basic gait data from 656 healthy primary school-aged children (5-13 years) and 81 young adults (18-27 years) whilst walking over-ground across a level walkway at varying speed. It investigated the effect of gait speed and re-examined the issue of gait maturation. Participants completed 6-8 walks at self-selected slow, free and fast speed along a GAITRite walkway whilst wearing athletic shoes. Outcome measures (non-normalized and normalized) were gait speed, cadence, step and stride length, step and stride time, support base, single and double support (%), stance duration (%), foot angle and associated symmetry measures. Compared to free speed, participants walked 24% slower for the slow speed and 30% faster for the fast speed (p<0.0001). Both normalized and non-normalized measures of cadence, step and stride length increased with speed (p<0.001) whereas step and stride time reduced (p<0.001). As a percentage of the gait cycle, single support and stance duration increased with speed (p<0.001) whereas double support reduced (p<0.001). Foot angle was significantly less (less toe-out) for the fast speed than the free and slow speeds (p<0.001) whereas support base was unaffected by speed. Symmetry measures were unaffected by age or speed. Step and stride symmetry differentials (combining conditions) fell around 0.8 cm, whereas symmetry differentials for step and stance time, single and double support fell around 0.7%. This information can be used by clinicians and researchers to assess the gait of children.
本研究记录了 656 名健康的小学生（5-13 岁）和 81 名年轻成年人（18-27 岁）在平地行走时的基本步态数据，行走速度不同。它研究了步态速度的影响，并重新检查了步态成熟的问题。参与者在穿着运动鞋的情况下，沿着 GAITRite 步道以自我选择的慢、自由和快速度完成 6-8 次行走。结果测量（非标准化和标准化）包括步态速度、步频、步长和步幅、步和步时间、支撑基础、单支撑和双支撑（%）、站立时间（%）、脚角度和相关对称测量。与自由速度相比，参与者以慢速度行走时慢 24%，以快速度行走时快 30%（p<0.0001）。步频、步长和步幅的标准化和非标准化测量值均随速度增加而增加（p<0.001），而步和步时间则减少（p<0.001）。作为步态周期的百分比，单支撑和站立时间随速度增加而增加（p<0.001），而双支撑减少（p<0.001）。与自由和慢速度相比，快速速度的脚角度明显更小（脚尖内收角度更小）（p<0.001），而支撑基础不受速度影响。对称测量值不受年龄或速度的影响。步和步幅的对称差异（结合条件）约为 0.8 厘米，而步和站立时间、单支撑和双支撑的对称差异约为 0.7%。临床医生和研究人员可以使用这些信息来评估儿童的步态。
