Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Keele University, UK Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Oral Medicine, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA.
Pain. 2011 Jan;152(1):66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.006. Epub 2010 Oct 23.
Identification of different patterns of change in pain over time - trajectories - has the potential to provide new information on the course of pain. Describing trajectories among adolescents would improve understanding of how pain conditions can develop. This prospective cohort study identified distinct trajectories of pain among adolescents (11-14 years) in the general population (n=1336). Latent class growth analysis was carried out on the self-reported frequency of back pain, headache, stomach pain and facial pain, which was collected every 3 months for 3 years. Forty four percent of adolescents had a 'painful' trajectory for at least one pain site, and 12% reported persistent pain at one or more pain site. Headache was the most common; 25% of subjects were in a 'painful' trajectory and 5% reported persistent pain. Back pain and stomach pain were also common, with 22% and 21% of subjects in painful trajectories, respectively. Facial pain was the least common, with only 10% in a painful trajectory, and 1% reporting persistent pain. Trajectory characteristics were similar at baseline across pain sites, with the more painful trajectories having significantly higher levels of depression and somatization, lower life satisfaction and more females. Trajectories did not differ significantly at baseline in physical activity levels or BMI. Agreement of trajectory membership among pain sites was moderate. In summary, reporting a painful trajectory was common among adolescents, but persistent pain was reported by a small minority, and was usually experienced at a single pain site.
识别疼痛随时间变化的不同模式 - 轨迹 - 有可能提供有关疼痛过程的新信息。描述青少年中的轨迹可以提高对疼痛状况如何发展的理解。本前瞻性队列研究在一般人群中（n=1336）确定了青少年（11-14 岁）疼痛的不同轨迹。对自我报告的背痛、头痛、胃痛和面部疼痛频率进行潜在类别增长分析，这些疼痛频率每 3 个月收集一次，持续 3 年。44%的青少年在至少一个疼痛部位存在“疼痛”轨迹，12%报告在一个或多个疼痛部位存在持续性疼痛。头痛最常见；25%的受试者处于“疼痛”轨迹，5%报告持续性疼痛。背痛和胃痛也很常见，分别有 22%和 21%的受试者出现疼痛轨迹。面部疼痛最少见，只有 10%的受试者出现疼痛轨迹，1%的受试者报告持续性疼痛。疼痛部位的轨迹特征在基线时相似，疼痛程度较高的轨迹具有显著更高水平的抑郁和躯体化、较低的生活满意度和更多的女性。在基线时，身体活动水平或 BMI 上的轨迹没有显著差异。疼痛部位之间的轨迹成员身份的一致性中等。总之，报告疼痛轨迹在青少年中很常见，但报告持续性疼痛的人数较少，通常在单个疼痛部位经历。
