KIHU, Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Rautpohjankatu 6, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 May;111(5):733-41. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1698-x. Epub 2010 Oct 24.
This study examined the relation of self-reported stress to cardiac autonomic modulation in real-life conditions. The participants for the study were healthy male (N = 59) and female (N = 40) employees (age 40 ± 10 years). A single-item question and a 14-item questionnaire on perceived stress were administered to the participants before the experimental night. RR-intervals (RRI) were recorded during night sleep and an orthostatic test after awakening at home. The RRI data were analyzed for heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in time and frequency domains. Nocturnal urinary stress hormone (cortisol, adrenal and noradrenal) secretion was also analyzed. Based on the self-reported stress, the participants were divided into either low or high stress group. The results showed that higher incidence of stress symptoms was significantly associated with lower HRV in the orthostatic test regardless of age and gender. Differences between the stress groups in HRV indices were approximately 20-50 and 30-75% in supine and standing positions, respectively. No difference was found in nocturnal HR, HRV, or stress hormone secretion between the stress groups. Higher incidence of stress symptoms was significantly associated with greater decrease of HRV from night sleep to the orthostatic test, as a response to awakening. In conclusion, the present findings support the view that autonomic modulation measured in the orthostatic test, but not during night sleep, is related to self-reported stress.
这项研究考察了在现实生活条件下，自我报告的压力与心脏自主调节的关系。研究对象为健康的男性（N=59）和女性（N=40）员工（年龄 40±10 岁）。在实验前夜，向参与者发放了一个单项问题和一个包含 14 个项目的压力感知问卷。RR 间期（RRI）在夜间睡眠期间和在家中醒来后的直立测试中记录。RRI 数据在时间和频率域中进行了心率（HR）和心率变异性（HRV）分析。还分析了夜间尿应激激素（皮质醇、肾上腺和去甲肾上腺素）的分泌情况。根据自我报告的压力，参与者被分为低压力或高压力组。结果表明，无论年龄和性别如何，更高的压力症状发生率与直立测试中的 HRV 降低显著相关。在仰卧位和站立位，压力组之间的 HRV 指数差异约为 20-50%和 30-75%。压力组之间的夜间 HR、HRV 或应激激素分泌无差异。更高的压力症状发生率与从夜间睡眠到直立测试的 HRV 下降幅度显著相关，这是对觉醒的反应。总之，本研究结果支持这样一种观点，即直立测试中测量的自主调节，而不是夜间睡眠时的自主调节，与自我报告的压力有关。
