Herzig David, Testorelli Moreno, Olstad Daniela Schäfer, Erlacher Daniel, Achermann Peter, Eser Prisca, Wilhelm Matthias
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 May;12(5):648-654. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0257. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
It is increasingly popular to use heart-rate variability (HRV) to tailor training for athletes. A time-efficient method is HRV assessment during deep sleep.
To validate the selection of deep-sleep segments identified by RR intervals with simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) recordings and to compare HRV parameters of these segments with those of standard morning supine measurements.
In 11 world-class alpine skiers, RR intervals were monitored during 10 nights, and simultaneous EEGs were recorded during 2-4 nights. Deep sleep was determined from the HRV signal and verified by delta power from the EEG recordings. Four further segments were chosen for HRV determination, namely, a 4-h segment from midnight to 4 AM and three 5-min segments: 1 just before awakening, 1 after waking in supine position, and 1 in standing after orthostatic challenge. Training load was recorded every day.
A total of 80 night and 68 morning measurements of 9 athletes were analyzed. Good correspondence between the phases selected by RR intervals vs those selected by EEG was found. Concerning root-mean-squared difference of successive RR intervals (RMSSD), a marker for parasympathetic activity, the best relationship with the morning supine measurement was found in deep sleep.
HRV is a simple tool for approximating deep-sleep phases, and HRV measurement during deep sleep could provide a time-efficient alternative to HRV in supine position.
使用心率变异性（HRV）为运动员量身定制训练方法越来越流行。一种省时的方法是在深度睡眠期间进行HRV评估。
通过同步脑电图（EEG）记录来验证根据RR间期确定的深度睡眠段的选择，并将这些段的HRV参数与标准的早晨仰卧位测量参数进行比较。
对11名世界级高山滑雪运动员进行了为期10晚的RR间期监测，并在2 - 4晚同步记录EEG。根据HRV信号确定深度睡眠，并通过EEG记录的δ波功率进行验证。另外选择了四个段进行HRV测定，即从午夜到凌晨4点的4小时段和三个5分钟段：一个在醒来前，一个在仰卧位醒来后，一个在直立位挑战后站立时。每天记录训练负荷。
对9名运动员的80次夜间测量和68次早晨测量进行了分析。发现RR间期选择的阶段与EEG选择的阶段之间有良好的对应关系。关于连续RR间期的均方根差（RMSSD），这是副交感神经活动的一个指标，在深度睡眠中发现与早晨仰卧位测量的关系最佳。
HRV是一种用于估算深度睡眠阶段的简单工具，深度睡眠期间的HRV测量可以为仰卧位HRV测量提供一种省时的替代方法。
