Department of Internal Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen Cedex, France.
QJM. 2011 Mar;104(3):209-19. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcq179. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
The aims of this study were to analyse the characteristics of patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis. We compared the characteristics of patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis with those of patients exhibiting upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) without internal jugular vein involvement.
From 1998 to 2007, 1948 consecutive patients were referred to our Department of Internal Medicine for deep venous thrombosis.
Sixty-four patients exhibited UEDVT. Internal jugular venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 29 patients. Twenty-three patients had secondary thrombosis mainly due to cancer, central venous catheter and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; three of the four patients with bilateral DVT exhibited cancer. Six patients had primary internal jugular vein thrombosis. Complications of internal jugular vein thrombosis were pulmonary embolism (10.3%) and post-thrombotic syndrome (41.4%). Under multivariate analysis, significant factors for internal jugular vein thrombosis were older patients (P = 0.0008), female gender (P = 0.0035) and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (P = 0.0093).
Our study underscores that the most common causes of internal jugular vein thrombosis are cancer, central venous catheter and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; it also underlines that bilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis is a significant risk indicator of malignancy Thrombosis led to high morbidity related to pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome, principally in patients with secondary DVT. The knowledge of predictive factors of internal jugular vein thrombosis seems to be of utmost importance to improve patients' management.
本研究旨在分析颈内静脉血栓形成患者的特征。我们比较了颈内静脉血栓形成患者与无颈内静脉受累的上肢深静脉血栓形成（UEDVT）患者的特征。
1998 年至 2007 年，1948 例连续患者被转至我院内科就诊，诊断为深静脉血栓形成。
64 例患者表现为 UEDVT。29 例诊断为颈内静脉血栓形成。23 例为继发性血栓形成，主要病因有癌症、中心静脉导管和卵巢过度刺激综合征；4 例双侧 DVT 患者中有 3 例患有癌症。6 例患者为原发性颈内静脉血栓形成。颈内静脉血栓形成的并发症为肺栓塞（10.3%）和血栓后综合征（41.4%）。多因素分析显示，颈内静脉血栓形成的显著因素为年龄较大（P=0.0008）、女性（P=0.0035）和卵巢过度刺激综合征（P=0.0093）。
本研究强调，颈内静脉血栓形成的最常见原因是癌症、中心静脉导管和卵巢过度刺激综合征；还强调双侧颈内静脉血栓形成是恶性肿瘤的显著风险指标。血栓形成导致与肺栓塞和血栓后综合征相关的高发病率，主要发生在继发性 DVT 患者中。了解颈内静脉血栓形成的预测因素似乎对改善患者的管理至关重要。
