Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2010 Nov;5(6):531-7. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e32833f327e.
In this review, we update investigations related to cancer biomarkers in HIV-infected populations.
CD4 lymphocyte count is associated with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (except perhaps for Burkitt lymphoma), Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and anal cancer. HIV load is associated with Burkitt lymphoma and systemic NHL (but not PCNSL), with Kaposi's sarcoma and with anal cancer. CD40 ligand incorporated into the HIV envelope and expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase may help explain the relationship between HIV load and Burkitt lymphoma. Genetic polymorphisms have been identified that are linked to lymphoma in HIV patients. B-cell activation as manifest in immunoglobulin light chain production may be an important marker for NHL risk. Cytokines and related molecules (IL10, sCD30) may identify patients at high risk for NHL. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is useful as a marker for PCNSL, although with the falling incidence of PCNSL, the specificity of the test has been called into question. EBV and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) have not yet emerged as especially promising markers of risk for either lymphoma or Kaposi's sarcoma.
CD4 lymphocyte count, HIV load, germline genetic polymorphisms, cytokine and related molecules, and immunoglobulin light chains all show increasing promise as biomarkers of malignancy in HIV patients.
在这篇综述中，我们更新了与 HIV 感染者中癌症生物标志物相关的研究。
CD4 淋巴细胞计数与原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤（PCNSL）、系统性非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）（除伯基特淋巴瘤外）、卡波西肉瘤、宫颈癌和肛门癌相关。HIV 载量与伯基特淋巴瘤和系统性 NHL（但不包括 PCNSL）、卡波西肉瘤和肛门癌相关。整合到 HIV 包膜中的 CD40 配体和激活诱导的胞苷脱氨酶的表达可能有助于解释 HIV 载量与伯基特淋巴瘤之间的关系。已经确定了与 HIV 患者淋巴瘤相关的遗传多态性。B 细胞激活表现为免疫球蛋白轻链产生，可能是 NHL 风险的重要标志物。细胞因子和相关分子（IL10、sCD30）可识别 NHL 风险较高的患者。脑脊液（CSF）中的 EBV 可作为 PCNSL 的标志物，尽管随着 PCNSL 发病率的下降，该检测的特异性受到质疑。EBV 和卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）尚未成为淋巴瘤或卡波西肉瘤风险的特别有希望的标志物。
CD4 淋巴细胞计数、HIV 载量、种系遗传多态性、细胞因子和相关分子以及免疫球蛋白轻链均显示出作为 HIV 患者恶性肿瘤标志物的越来越大的潜力。
