LaMontagne L L, Pawlak R
School of Nursing, University of Rochester.
Heart Lung. 1990 Jul;19(4):416-21.
Knowing what parents find stressful about having a child in a pediatric intensive care unit and how they cope is essential before professionals can bolster their coping and provide support. In a semistructured interview we asked parents to discuss the aspects of the situation that they found stressful and to identify their predominant stressor. Then, using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, we asked them to identify what coping strategies they used to cope with that predominant stressor. The questionnaire is designed to measure whether the strategies used are focused on the problem (situation) or on emotions engendered by the stressor or on both. Data on selected demographic characteristics of the family also were obtained. Fifty percent of the parent subjects identified stressors that were classified as loss of parenting role, 40% uncertainty over outcome, and 10% information need. Although the specific coping strategies used differed by the classification of stressors, all of the parents used a combination of both problem- and emotion-focused forms of coping. Seeking social support and positive reappraisal were the two most often used strategies by all parents regardless of the classification of stressors. No significant associations were found between stress or coping and any of the demographic variables. Research such as this can be useful to practicing clinicians who plan strategies that offer assistance and emotional support to parents of children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit.
在专业人员能够增强父母应对能力并提供支持之前，了解父母在孩子入住儿科重症监护病房时所面临的压力以及他们的应对方式至关重要。在一次半结构化访谈中，我们请父母讨论他们认为有压力的情况，并确定主要压力源。然后，我们使用应对方式问卷，让他们确定用来应对该主要压力源的应对策略。该问卷旨在衡量所采用的策略是针对问题（情况）、压力源引发的情绪还是两者兼顾。我们还获取了有关家庭选定人口统计学特征的数据。50%的父母受试者确定的压力源被归类为育儿角色丧失，40%为对结果的不确定性，10%为信息需求。尽管所采用的具体应对策略因压力源分类不同而有所差异，但所有父母都同时采用了针对问题和针对情绪的应对方式。无论压力源如何分类，寻求社会支持和积极重新评价都是所有父母最常使用的两种策略。在压力或应对与任何人口统计学变量之间未发现显著关联。此类研究对计划为儿科重症监护病房住院患儿的父母提供帮助和情感支持策略的临床医生可能会有所帮助。
