Division of Psychobiology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Endocrine. 2010 Oct;38(2):227-34. doi: 10.1007/s12020-010-9378-5. Epub 2010 Jul 17.
Animals chronically exposed to stressors with access to diets high in fat and sugar consume and prefer these diets, a result consistent with the association between stress and comfort food ingestion in humans. As social subordination in rhesus monkeys provides an ethologically relevant translational model of psychosocial stress, we tested the hypothesis that differences in food intake between dominant and subordinate female monkeys are due to corticotropin-releasing hormone-(CRH) induced alteration in sensitivity to ghrelin, a potent orexigenic signal. We assessed food intake of animals given a choice between a low (LCD) and high calorie diet (HCD) in response to 4-day treatment with the CRH receptor antagonist, astressin B, and to an acute treatment of ghrelin. Ghrelin stimulated intake of LCD in subordinates but did not further increase consumption of HCD, whereas ghrelin decreased LCD consumption without affecting HCD intake in dominant females. Astressin B decreased cortisol levels and increased preference for and intake of the HCD in subordinates and decreased calorie intake and HCD preference in dominant animals. These results suggest that increased caloric intake by subordinates may, in part, be explained by a greater sensitivity to postprandial increases in ghrelin and that CRH receptor antagonism leading to a decrease in cortisol has mixed effects on food choice depending on an individual's stress background.
动物长期暴露于应激源下,且可摄入高脂肪和高糖饮食,会选择并偏好这些饮食,这一结果与人类应激与安慰性食物摄入之间的关联一致。由于恒河猴的社会从属地位提供了一种与心理社会应激相关的转化模型,我们检验了以下假设:即处于支配地位和从属地位的雌性猴子之间的食物摄入量差异是由于促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素-(CRH) 诱导对胃饥饿素敏感性的改变所致,胃饥饿素是一种有效的食欲刺激信号。我们评估了动物在接受 CRH 受体拮抗剂 astressin B 治疗 4 天后,对低卡路里饮食 (LCD) 和高卡路里饮食 (HCD) 进行选择时的食物摄入量,以及对胃饥饿素进行急性治疗时的食物摄入量。胃饥饿素刺激从属猴子摄入 LCD,但并未进一步增加 HCD 的摄入量,而胃饥饿素减少了主导雌性动物的 LCD 摄入量,但对 HCD 摄入量没有影响。Astressin B 降低了皮质醇水平,增加了从属动物对 HCD 的偏好和摄入量,并减少了主导动物的卡路里摄入量和 HCD 偏好。这些结果表明,从属动物摄入更多卡路里可能部分归因于对餐后胃饥饿素增加的敏感性增加,而 CRH 受体拮抗作用导致皮质醇降低对食物选择的影响取决于个体的应激背景。