Division of Developmental & Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012 Sep;37(9):1479-90. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.002. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
Stress-induced eating disorders cause significant health problems and are often co-morbid with mood disorders. Emotional feeding, particularly in women, may be important for the development of obesity and failed attempts to lose weight. However, prospective studies assessing the effect of chronic psychosocial stress on appetite in different dietary environments in females are lacking. The present study tested the hypothesis that chronic psychosocial stress would increase consumption of high caloric diet and this emotional feeding would persist even when a healthier diet was available. Socially housed female rhesus monkeys were studied to address whether subordination increases caloric intake when a high fat and sugar diet (HFSD) was available concurrently with a low fat, high fiber diet (LCD). Cortisol responsivity and food intake were quantified during this choice phase and when only the LCD was available. The order of diet condition was counterbalanced to assess whether a history of HFSD would affect appetite. All females preferred the HFSD but subordinates consumed significantly more calories during the choice phase. The increased calorie intake was maintained in subordinate monkeys even after withdrawal of the HFSD. Subordinate females demonstrated reduced glucocorticoid negative feedback, with post dexamethasone serum cortisol levels significantly predicting intake of the HFSD but not the LCD during the choice condition. The cortisol response to an acute stressor significantly predicted subsequent intake of a HFSD in all females. Continual exposure to the psychosocial stress of subordination in female monkeys results in excess caloric intake of foods that mimic a western dietary environment. In addition, this social stressor interacts with a history of HFSD intake to promote increased feeding even in a healthy dietary environment.
应激相关进食障碍会导致严重的健康问题，且常与情绪障碍共病。情绪性进食，尤其在女性中，可能对肥胖的发展以及减肥失败起着重要作用。然而，目前尚缺乏评估慢性社会心理应激对不同饮食环境下女性食欲影响的前瞻性研究。本研究旨在验证以下假设：慢性社会心理应激会增加高热量饮食的摄入，即使可获得更健康的饮食，这种情绪性进食也会持续存在。本研究通过对社会性饲养的雌性恒河猴进行研究，以探讨从属地位的增加是否会在同时提供高脂肪高糖饮食（HFSD）和低脂肪高纤维饮食（LCD）时增加热量摄入。在选择阶段以及仅提供 LCD 时，量化了皮质醇反应和食物摄入量。通过平衡饮食条件的顺序，评估 HFSD 的历史是否会影响食欲。所有女性都更喜欢 HFSD，但从属个体在选择阶段消耗的卡路里明显更多。即使 HFSD 被撤下，从属猴子的卡路里摄入量仍保持增加。从属雌性的糖皮质激素负反馈减少，皮质醇水平与 HFSD 的摄入显著相关，但与 LCD 无关，这表明在选择条件下，皮质醇水平可预测 HFSD 的摄入。所有女性对急性应激源的皮质醇反应均显著预测随后 HFSD 的摄入。雌性猴子持续面临从属地位的社会心理应激会导致对类似于西方饮食环境的食物摄入过多热量。此外，这种社会应激源与 HFSD 摄入史相互作用，即使在健康饮食环境中也会促进进食增加。
