Bacterial Pathogenesis Group, Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075 (CNRS/CEA/UJF), 41 rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble, France.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2010 Dec;20(6):749-55. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2010.09.014. Epub 2010 Oct 26.
The bacterial cell wall is a complex three-dimensional structure that protects the cell from environmental stress and ensures its shape. The biosynthesis of its main component, the peptidoglycan, involves the coordination of activities of proteins present in the cytoplasm, the membrane, and the periplasm, some of which also interact with the bacterial cytoskeleton. The sheer complexity of the cell wall elongation process, which is the main focus of this review, has created a significant challenge for the study of the macromolecular interactions that regulate peptidoglycan biosynthesis. The availability of new structural and biochemical data on a number of components of peptidoglycan assembly machineries, including a complex between MreB and RodZ as well as structures of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) from a number of pathogenic species, now provide novel insight into the underpinnings of an intricate molecular machinery.
细菌细胞壁是一个复杂的三维结构，它可以保护细胞免受环境压力的影响，并确保其形状。其主要成分肽聚糖的生物合成涉及到细胞质、膜和周质中存在的蛋白质的活动的协调，其中一些蛋白质也与细菌细胞骨架相互作用。细胞壁延伸过程的复杂性，这是本综述的主要焦点，为研究调节肽聚糖生物合成的大分子相互作用带来了重大挑战。目前，许多参与肽聚糖组装机器的成分的新结构和生化数据，包括 MreB 和 RodZ 之间的复合物以及来自多种病原体的青霉素结合蛋白 (PBP) 的结构，为复杂的分子机制提供了新的见解。
