Mason W Alex, Hawkins J David, Kosterman Rick, Catalano Richard F
National Research Institute, Boys Town.
J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2010;19(4):309-323. doi: 10.1080/1067828X.2010.502491.
Protective factors for young adult alcohol use disorders, depression, and comorbid alcohol use disorders and depression were examined. Participants were recruited from all fifth-grade students attending 18 Seattle elementary schools. Of the 1,053 students eligible, 808 (77%) agreed to participate. Youth were surveyed when they were 10 years-old in 1985 and followed to age 21 years years in 1996 (95% retention). Protective factors were measured at age 14 years years. Young adult disorders were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Alcohol refusal skills, academic skills, school and family bonding, parental rewards, school rewards, and family cohesion at age 14 years years were associated with decreased risk for comorbidity at age 21 years years.
对青年酒精使用障碍、抑郁症以及酒精使用障碍与抑郁症共病的保护因素进行了研究。参与者从西雅图18所小学的所有五年级学生中招募。在符合条件的1053名学生中,808名(77%)同意参与。这些青少年在1985年10岁时接受了调查,并追踪到1996年21岁(保留率95%)。保护因素在14岁时进行测量。使用诊断访谈表对青年疾病进行评估。14岁时的酒精拒绝技能、学术技能、学校与家庭关系、父母奖励、学校奖励以及家庭凝聚力与21岁时共病风险降低相关。