Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Paterna, Spain.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Feb;8(2):249-53. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0667. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
The effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HPP) was evaluated for inactivation of murine norovirus (MNV), a propagable norovirus (NoV), and human NoV genogroup II.4. Inactivation of MNV was assessed by viral culturing (50% tissue culture infectious dose [TCID(50)]) and real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), whereas NoV survival was determined only by RT-qPCR. A treatment of 450 MPa for 15 min at 45°C was sufficient to inactivate 6.5 log(10) of infectious MNV in culture medium as determined by TCID(50). Further, the inactivation of MNV was enhanced when pressure was applied at an initial temperature of 25°C. On the other hand, a baroprotective effect was observed when MNV suspensions were supplemented with 10 mM of CaCl(2). A 400 MPa treatment at 45°C inactivated >5 log(10) of infectious MNV, whereas the addition of CaCl(2) increased the pressure resistance of MNV, with <0.5 log(10) reduction observed. MNV decay as determined by TCID(50) was generally greater than that determined by RT-qPCR; for instance, MNV genomes were detected even after 15 min treatment at 450 MPa, with <0.5 log(10) reduction. Experiments with NoV suspensions showed that all tested HPP treatments reduced the numbers of NoV by <0.5 log(10) units as determined by RT-qPCR. Additionally, RNA of human NoV was more resistant to certain HPP treatments than the RNA of MNV.
高压处理（HPP）对可培养诺如病毒（MNV）和人诺如病毒基因 2.4 型的灭活效果进行了评估。通过病毒培养（50%组织培养感染剂量 [TCID(50)]）和实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）评估 MNV 的灭活情况，而 NoV 的存活情况仅通过 RT-qPCR 确定。在 45°C 下，450 MPa 处理 15 分钟足以使培养物中的 6.5 log(10)传染性 MNV 失活，这是通过 TCID(50)确定的。此外，当在 25°C 的初始温度下施加压力时，MNV 的灭活得到增强。另一方面，当 MNV 悬浮液中添加 10 mM CaCl(2)时，观察到了 BAROPROTECTIVE 效应。在 45°C 下，400 MPa 的处理使 >5 log(10)的传染性 MNV 失活，而 CaCl(2)的添加增加了 MNV 的耐压性，观察到的减少不到 0.5 log(10)。通过 TCID(50)确定的 MNV 衰减通常大于通过 RT-qPCR 确定的衰减；例如，即使在 450 MPa 下处理 15 分钟后，也能检测到 MNV 基因组，减少不到 0.5 log(10)。用 NoV 悬浮液进行的实验表明，所有测试的 HPP 处理都使 NoV 的数量减少了 <0.5 log(10)个单位，这是通过 RT-qPCR 确定的。此外，与人 NoV 的 RNA 相比，某些 HPP 处理对 MNV 的 RNA 更具抵抗力。
