Centre for Psychiatry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Old Anatomy Building, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Public Health. 2010 Dec;124(12):675-81. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.08.019. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
Individuals who are out of work have a higher rate of common mental disorders (CMD) than individuals who are employed. People who are unemployed in the UK are entitled to welfare benefits to alleviate financial strain. This study examined rates of CMD in individuals who were employed, unemployed and receiving various UK benefits. It also investigated associations between duration of unemployment, gender and CMD.
An analysis of 5090 working-age participants from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007, a stratified probability sample survey conducted among adults aged 16 years and over living in private households in England.
CMD was assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule (Revised). Information was gathered on sociodemographics, employment, income, benefits and debt. Data were analysed using logistic regression.
Risk of CMD was significantly greater in individuals classified as: unemployed; economically inactive; not working due to physical health reasons; unable to find a suitable job; receiving housing, care or sickness benefit; and receiving income support. However, risk of CMD was not significantly greater in individuals receiving jobseeker's allowance. Individuals unemployed for less than 1 year or more than 3 years had a higher risk of CMD. Some interactions with gender were significant, with associations being greater in men than women.
Job loss events are not the only reason for unemployed people to develop CMD. The state of unemployment itself may be detrimental to mental health. Risk of CMD is increased in those who have been out of work for 3 years or more. Associations between benefits and mental health are likely to be due to social, health or economic circumstances associated with benefit eligibility.
失业者比就业者更易患常见精神障碍（CMD）。英国的失业者有权获得福利救济以减轻经济压力。本研究调查了就业者、失业者和领取各种英国福利者的 CMD 发生率。还调查了失业持续时间、性别与 CMD 之间的关系。
对 2007 年成人精神发病率调查中的 5090 名工作年龄的参与者进行分析，这是一项在英格兰私人家庭中居住的 16 岁及以上成年人中进行的分层概率抽样调查。
使用临床访谈表（修订版）评估 CMD。收集社会人口统计学、就业、收入、福利和债务信息。使用逻辑回归进行数据分析。
失业者、经济活动不活跃者、因身体健康原因无法工作者、无法找到合适工作者、领取住房、护理或疾病津贴者和领取收入支持者，患 CMD 的风险显著更高。然而，领取求职者津贴者患 CMD 的风险并没有显著更高。失业不到 1 年或超过 3 年的人患 CMD 的风险更高。与性别相关的一些交互作用具有统计学意义，男性的关联大于女性。
失业事件并不是失业者患 CMD 的唯一原因。失业本身可能对心理健康有害。失业 3 年或以上的人患 CMD 的风险增加。福利与心理健康之间的关联可能是由于与福利资格相关的社会、健康或经济情况。
