Efficacy and tolerability of long-term treatment with vagus nerve stimulation in adolescents and adults with refractory epilepsy and learning disabilities.

The long-term effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on seizure frequency were studied in 50 patients with epilepsy and learning disabilities. Mean observation time was 4.6 years. At follow-up, none of the patients was seizure-free, 25% had more than 50% seizure reduction, and 46% had some seizure reduction, but less than 50%. The discontinuation rate was 18%. Our results indicate that, like antiepileptic drugs, VNS does not have such a good seizure-reducing effect in patients with epilepsy and learning disabilities compared with the general epilepsy population.