Pathobiology, Conservation and Population Biology Laboratory, University of California Davis, California, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Feb;30(2):393-402. doi: 10.1002/etc.386.
The decline of pelagic organisms in the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) (California, USA) is attributed to several factors, including water diversions, invasive species, and exposure to environmental toxicants. The present study evaluated the effects of environmental contaminants on liver vitellogenin, metallothionein, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and benzyloxyresorufin O-deethylase (BROD) activity in juvenile striped bass (Morone saxitilis) in the SFE. Analysis of juvenile striped bass liver extracts revealed site-specific elevations of vitellogenin, metallothionein, and EROD biomarkers across the estuary. Although some striped bass in the estuary showed EROD activity similar to unhandled hatchery controls, several sites in the estuary showed significantly higher EROD activity that was in the range of beta-naphthoflavone (BNF)-injected, positive controls. Overall, EROD activity averaged 283% higher in estuary fish than in hatchery controls. Chemical analyses of extracts from semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the estuary for one month showed elevated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels. Semipermeable membrane devices extract injections-induced metallothionein and BROD in striped bass livers. These data show that environmental exposures are impacting EROD and other biomarkers in the SFE striped bass population. Previous studies in our laboratory have associated poor larval development with maternal transfer of environmental contaminants. Further studies are needed to monitor contaminant exposures by the use of biomarkers and to integrate them into a more effective pelagic species recovery plan in the SFE.
旧金山湾（美国加利福尼亚州）的远洋生物数量减少可归因于多种因素，包括水资源分流、入侵物种和接触环境毒物。本研究评估了环境污染物对旧金山湾幼条纹鲈肝脏卵黄蛋白原、金属硫蛋白、7-乙氧基Resorufin-O-去乙基酶（EROD）和苯氧基Resorufin-O-去乙基酶（BROD）活性的影响。对幼条纹鲈肝脏提取物的分析表明，卵黄蛋白原、金属硫蛋白和 EROD 生物标志物在整个河口都有特定部位的升高。尽管河口的一些条纹鲈的 EROD 活性与未经处理的孵化场对照相似，但河口的几个地点显示出明显更高的 EROD 活性，处于 BNF 注射阳性对照的范围内。总体而言，河口鱼类的 EROD 活性平均比孵化场对照高 283%。在河口部署一个月的半透膜装置（SPMD）中的提取物的化学分析显示多环芳烃（PAH）水平升高。半透膜装置提取物注射诱导了条纹鲈肝脏中的金属硫蛋白和 BROD。这些数据表明，环境暴露正在影响旧金山湾条纹鲈种群的 EROD 和其他生物标志物。我们实验室的先前研究将幼虫发育不良与环境污染物的母体转移联系起来。需要进一步研究以使用生物标志物监测污染物暴露，并将其纳入更有效的远洋物种恢复计划中。
