School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG66AR, UK.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2011 Jan;9(1):2-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2010.00565.x. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
The concept of sustainable development forms the basis for a wide variety of international and national policy making. World population continues to expand at about 80 M people per year, while the demand for natural resources continues to escalate. Important policies, treaties and goals underpin the notion of sustainable development. In this paper, we discuss and evaluate a range of scientific literature pertaining to the use of transgenic crops in meeting sustainable development goals. It is concluded that a considerable body of evidence has accrued since the first commercial growing of transgenic crops, which suggests that they can contribute in all three traditional pillars of sustainability, i.e. economically, environmentally and socially. Management of herbicide-tolerant and insect-resistant transgenic crops to minimize the risk of weeds and pests developing resistance is discussed, together with the associated concern about the risk of loss of biodiversity. As the world population continues to rise, the evidence reviewed here suggests it would be unwise to ignore transgenic crops as one of the tools that can help meet aspirations for increasingly sustainable global development.
可持续发展的概念是国际和国家制定各种政策的基础。世界人口以每年约 8000 万人的速度继续增长，而对自然资源的需求持续上升。重要的政策、条约和目标支撑着可持续发展的概念。在本文中，我们讨论和评估了一系列与利用转基因作物实现可持续发展目标相关的科学文献。研究表明，自第一批转基因作物商业化种植以来，已经积累了相当多的证据，这表明它们可以在经济、环境和社会三个传统支柱上做出贡献。文中还讨论了管理耐除草剂和抗虫转基因作物以最大程度地减少杂草和害虫产生抗性的风险，以及人们对生物多样性丧失风险的关注。随着世界人口的持续增长，这里综述的证据表明，忽视转基因作物作为有助于实现日益可持续的全球发展目标的工具之一是不明智的。
