Dang Cong, Lu Zengbin, Wang Long, Chang Xuefei, Wang Fang, Yao Hongwei, Peng Yufa, Stanley David, Ye Gongyin
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2017 Aug;15(8):1047-1053. doi: 10.1111/pbi.12698. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Transgenic Bt rice expressing the insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) has been developed since 1989. Their ecological risks towards non-target organisms have been investigated; however, these studies were conducted individually, yielding uncertainty regarding potential agroecological risks associated with large-scale deployment of Bt rice lines. Here, we developed a meta-analysis of the existing literature to synthesize current knowledge of the impacts of Bt rice on functional arthropod guilds, including herbivores, predators, parasitoids and detritivores in laboratory and field studies. Laboratory results indicate Bt rice did not influence survival rate and developmental duration of herbivores, although exposure to Bt rice led to reduced egg laying, which correctly predicted their reduced abundance in Bt rice agroecosystems. Similarly, consuming prey exposed to Bt protein did not influence survival, development or fecundity of predators, indicating constant abundances of predators in Bt rice fields. Compared to control agroecosystems, parasitoid populations decreased slightly in Bt rice cropping systems, while detritivores increased. We draw two inferences. One, laboratory studies of Bt rice showing effects on ecological functional groups are mainly either consistent with or more conservative than results of field studies, and two, Bt rice will pose negligible risks to the non-target functional guilds in future large-scale Bt rice agroecosystems in China.
自1989年以来，人们一直在研发表达源自苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）杀虫蛋白的转基因Bt水稻。已经对其对非靶标生物的生态风险进行了调查；然而，这些研究都是单独进行的，对于与大规模种植Bt水稻品系相关的潜在农业生态风险存在不确定性。在此，我们对现有文献进行了荟萃分析，以综合目前关于Bt水稻对功能性节肢动物类群影响的知识，这些类群包括实验室和田间研究中的植食性动物、捕食性动物、寄生性动物和腐食性动物。实验室结果表明，Bt水稻对植食性动物的存活率和发育历期没有影响，尽管接触Bt水稻会导致产卵量减少，这正确地预测了它们在Bt水稻农业生态系统中的数量会减少。同样，捕食接触过Bt蛋白的猎物对捕食性动物的存活、发育或繁殖力没有影响，这表明Bt稻田中捕食性动物的数量保持稳定。与对照农业生态系统相比，Bt水稻种植系统中的寄生性动物种群略有减少，而腐食性动物数量增加。我们得出两个推论。其一，关于Bt水稻对生态功能类群影响的实验室研究结果主要与田间研究结果一致，或者比田间研究结果更保守；其二，在中国未来大规模的Bt水稻农业生态系统中，Bt水稻对非靶标功能类群造成的风险可以忽略不计。
