Primary Care Department of Tarragona-Reus, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Nov 2;10:665. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-665.
Over the last decade notable progress has been made in developed countries on monitoring smoking although experimenting with cigarettes and smoking in young people remains a serious public health problem. This paper reports a cross-sectional study at the beginning of the 3-year follow-up community study TA_BES. The aim was to study the prevalence of smoking in addition to determining predictive factors for when smoking commences in a representative population of 12-year-old first year compulsory secondary education students.
Twenty-nine secondary schools (N = 29) from an area of Catalonia participated in the study. In these schools 2245 students answered a questionnaire to study the attitudes, behaviors, and tobacco consumption in the subject's surrounding circle and family in relation to smoking; carbon monoxide measurements were taken by means of co-oximetry on 2 different occasions. A smoker was defined as a student who had smoked daily or occasionally in the last 30 days. For non-smokers the criteria of not considering was set up for those who answered that in the future they would not be smokers and considering those who answered that they did not rule out becoming a smoker in the future.
Among the total 2245 students included in the analysis 157(7%) were classified as smokers. Among non-smokers we differentiated between those not considering smoking 1757 (78.3%) and those considering smoking 288 (12.8%).Age is among the factors related to commencing smoking. The risk of becoming a smoker increases 2.27 times/year. The influence of the group of friends with a very high risk for boys OR 149.5 and lower, albeit high, in girls OR 38.1. Tobacco consumption of parents produces different effects in young people. A smoking father does not produce alterations in the smoking behavior of young people. However having a smoking mother or former smoking is a risk factor for boys and a protective factor for girls.We detected a gradual risk of becoming a smoker by means of the co-oximetry test. A boy/girl with a test between 6 p.p.m and 10 p.p.m increased the probability of smoking by 2.29 and co-oximetry values > 10 p.p.m multiplied the risk 4 times over.
Results indicate that the age of commencing smoking is maintained in spite of prevalence having decreased in the last few years. The risk factors identified should be used to involve families and the educational community by offering them tobacco weaning programmes.
在过去的十年中，发达国家在监测吸烟方面取得了显著进展，尽管青少年尝试吸烟和吸烟仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。本文报告了一项横断面研究，该研究是在为期 3 年的社区研究 TA_BES 的随访开始时进行的。目的是研究代表性的 12 岁一年级义务教育学生群体中吸烟的流行率，并确定开始吸烟的预测因素。
来自加泰罗尼亚地区的 29 所中学（N=29）参与了这项研究。在这些学校中，2245 名学生回答了一份问卷，以研究他们所在环境和家庭中与吸烟有关的态度、行为和烟草消费；通过一氧化碳分光光度计在两个不同的时间点测量了 2245 名学生的一氧化碳水平。吸烟者被定义为在过去 30 天内每天或偶尔吸烟的学生。对于非吸烟者，设定了不考虑在未来成为吸烟者的标准，同时也考虑了那些回答未来不排除成为吸烟者的人。
在纳入分析的 2245 名学生中，有 157 名（7%）被归类为吸烟者。在非吸烟者中，我们区分了不考虑吸烟的 1757 人（78.3%）和考虑吸烟的 288 人（12.8%）。年龄是开始吸烟的相关因素之一。每年吸烟的风险增加 2.27 倍。对于男孩来说，与非常高风险的朋友群体的关系OR 149.5 及以下，而对于女孩来说，风险较低，但仍然很高 OR 38.1。父母的吸烟行为对年轻人有不同的影响。吸烟的父亲不会改变年轻人的吸烟行为。然而，有吸烟的母亲或曾经吸烟的母亲是男孩的危险因素，而女孩的保护因素。我们通过一氧化碳分光光度计测试检测到逐渐成为吸烟者的风险。男孩/女孩的测试值在 6 至 10 之间，吸烟的可能性增加 2.29 倍，测试值大于 10 时，风险增加 4 倍。
结果表明，尽管过去几年吸烟率有所下降，但开始吸烟的年龄仍保持不变。应利用确定的危险因素，通过提供戒烟计划，让家庭和教育界参与其中。
