Muñoz-Pindado C, Muñoz-Pindado C, Gómez-Fernández M, Lora-Pablos D, Muñoz-Méndez J
Facultad de Medicina USP-CEU, Madrid, España.
Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Atención Primaria de Manlleu, Hospital Universitario de Vic, Barcelona, España.
Semergen. 2020 Jul-Aug;46(5):313-323. doi: 10.1016/j.semerg.2019.11.012. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Smoking is a public health problem that affects young people, and influenced by the environment and cultural level.
To determine smoking prevalence among high-level baccalaureate students in the Autonomous Community of Madrid during the 2018-2019 academic year. To assess the influence of the socio-cultural environment on the onset of youth smoking. To compare the results with previous studies conducted on students of baccalaureate of excellence (BE) and the general population.
Cross-sectional study on BE students in the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Using an anonymous questionnaire, they were asked about tobacco, alcohol and drug consumption, as well as the influence of the environment, friends, and family in the beginning. To compare with previous studies.
A total of 740 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 430 (58.1%) were female, an overall mean age of 16.57±0.61 years, and 53 (7.18%) were smokers. The majority 39 (78%) of smokers acknowledged their friends' influence at its onset. Alcohol was consumed by 349 (47.48%) and other drugs by 109 (15.27%). Being a smoker was related to alcohol, other drugs, a smoking mother, smoking siblings and smoking friends.
Smoking prevalence among students of BE in Autonomous Community of Madrid continues to be lower than the prevalence of adolescents of their age and there are no variations from previous reports. Starting smoking is related to smoking by friends, siblings, and the mother and with the consumption of alcohol and other substances. Education is very important in the beginning and prevention of smoking, and it is necessary to implement prevention programs at early ages in order to promote their effectiveness, and aimed at young people, parents and teachers.
吸烟是一个影响年轻人的公共卫生问题，且受环境和文化水平影响。
确定2018 - 2019学年马德里自治区高水平学士学位学生中的吸烟率。评估社会文化环境对青少年吸烟起始的影响。将结果与之前针对优秀学士学位（BE）学生和普通人群的研究进行比较。
对马德里自治区的BE学生进行横断面研究。使用匿名问卷，询问他们关于烟草、酒精和药物消费情况，以及环境、朋友和家庭在起始阶段的影响。以便与之前的研究进行比较。
共收集到740份有效问卷，其中430份（58.1%）为女性，总体平均年龄为16.57±0.61岁，53人（7.18%）为吸烟者。大多数吸烟者（39人，78%）承认他们开始吸烟受朋友影响。349人（47.48%）饮酒，109人（15.27%）使用其他药物。吸烟与饮酒、使用其他药物、母亲吸烟、兄弟姐妹吸烟以及朋友吸烟有关。
马德里自治区BE学生中的吸烟率持续低于其同龄青少年的吸烟率，且与之前的报告无差异。开始吸烟与朋友、兄弟姐妹和母亲吸烟以及饮酒和使用其他物质有关。在吸烟起始和预防方面教育非常重要，有必要在早期实施预防项目以提高其有效性，且这些项目应针对年轻人、家长和教师。
