Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala SE 75124, Sweden.
Gene. 2011 Jun 1;478(1-2):11-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2010.10.011. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
The superfamily of Solute Carriers (SLCs) has around 384 members in the human genome grouped into at least 48 families. While many of these transporters have been well characterized with established important biological functions, there are few recently identified genes that are not studied regarding tissue distribution or evolutionary origin. Here we study 14 of these recently discovered SLC genes (HIAT1, HIATL1, MFSD1, MFSD5, MFSD6, MFSD9, MFSD10, SLC7A14, SLC7A15, SLC10A6, SLC15A5, SLC16A12, SLC30A10 and SLC21A21) with the purpose to give much better picture over the sequence relationship and tissue expression of the diverse SLC gene family. We used a range of bioinformatic methods to classify each of these genes into the different SLC gene families. We found that 9 of the 14 atypical SLCs are distant members of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) clan while the others belong to the APC clan, the DMT clan, the CPA_AT clan and the IT clan. We found most of the genes to be highly evolutionary conserved, likely to be present in most bilateral species, except for SLC21A21 that we found only present in mammals. Several of these transporter genes have highly specific tissue expression profile while it is notable that most are expressed in the CNS with the exception of SLC21A21 and SLC15A5. This work provides fundamental information on 14 transporters that previously have not received much attention enabling a more comprehensive view over the SLC superfamily.
溶质载体（SLC）超家族在人类基因组中约有 384 个成员，分为至少 48 个家族。虽然许多这些转运蛋白的特性已经得到很好的描述，并确定了其具有重要的生物学功能，但仍有少数最近发现的基因尚未研究其组织分布或进化起源。在这里，我们研究了这 14 个最近发现的 SLC 基因（HIAT1、HIATL1、MFSD1、MFSD5、MFSD6、MFSD9、MFSD10、SLC7A14、SLC7A15、SLC10A6、SLC15A5、SLC16A12、SLC30A10 和 SLC21A21），旨在更全面地了解不同 SLC 基因家族的序列关系和组织表达。我们使用了一系列生物信息学方法将这些基因中的每一个都分类到不同的 SLC 基因家族中。我们发现，这 14 个非典型 SLC 中有 9 个是主要易化因子超家族（MFS）族的远亲，而其他的则属于 APC 族、DMT 族、CPA_AT 族和 IT 族。我们发现，这些基因中的大多数都具有高度的进化保守性，可能存在于大多数双侧物种中，但 SLC21A21 除外，我们发现它仅存在于哺乳动物中。这些转运蛋白基因中的许多具有高度特异性的组织表达谱，值得注意的是，除了 SLC21A21 和 SLC15A5 之外，大多数都在中枢神经系统中表达。这项工作为以前没有受到太多关注的 14 种转运蛋白提供了基本信息，使我们能够更全面地了解 SLC 超家族。
