Shibasaki Seiji
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2010 Nov;130(11):1437-44. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.130.1437.
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for the process of fermentation as well as for studies in biochemistry and molecular biology as a eukaryotic model cell or tool for the analysis of gene functions. Thus, yeast is essential in industries and researches. Yeast cells have a cell wall, which is one characteristic that helps distinguish yeast cells from other eukaryotic cells such as mammalian cells. We have developed a molecular display system using the protein of the yeast cell wall as an anchor for foreign proteins. Yeast cells have been designed for use in sensing and metal adsorption, and have been used in vaccines and for screening novel proteins. Currently, yeast is used not only as a tool for analyzing gene or protein function but also in molecular display technology. The phage display system, which is at the forefront of molecular display technologies, is a powerful tool for screening ligands bound to a target molecule and for analyzing protein-protein interactions; however, in some cases, eukaryotic proteins are not easily expressed by this system. On the other hand, yeast cells have the ability to express eukaryotic proteins and proliferate; thus, these cells display various proteins. Yeast cells are more appropriate for white biotechnology. In this review, displays of enzymes that are important in bioconversion, such as lipases and β-glucosidases, are going to be introduced.
出芽酵母酿酒酵母已被用于发酵过程，以及作为真核模型细胞或基因功能分析工具用于生物化学和分子生物学研究。因此，酵母在工业和研究中至关重要。酵母细胞有细胞壁，这是有助于将酵母细胞与其他真核细胞（如哺乳动物细胞）区分开来的一个特征。我们开发了一种分子展示系统，利用酵母细胞壁蛋白作为外源蛋白的锚定物。酵母细胞已被设计用于传感和金属吸附，并已用于疫苗和新型蛋白质的筛选。目前，酵母不仅用作分析基因或蛋白质功能的工具，还用于分子展示技术。噬菌体展示系统处于分子展示技术的前沿，是筛选与靶分子结合的配体以及分析蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的强大工具；然而，在某些情况下，真核蛋白质不容易通过该系统表达。另一方面，酵母细胞有表达真核蛋白质并增殖的能力；因此，这些细胞展示各种蛋白质。酵母细胞更适合白色生物技术。在这篇综述中，将介绍在生物转化中重要的酶（如脂肪酶和β - 葡萄糖苷酶）的展示。
