Centre for Digestive Diseases, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, UK.
Helicobacter. 2010 Sep;15 Suppl 1:1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00779.x.
This article summarizes the published literature concerning the epidemiology and public health implications of Helicobacter pylori infection published from April 2009 through March 2010. Prevalence of infection varied between 7 and 87% and was lower in European studies. All retrieved studies examining transmission of infection concluded that spread is from person-to-person. One study collecting stool and vomitus samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis detected H. pylori DNA in 88% of vomitus and 74% of stool samples. Proposed risk factors for infection included male gender, increasing age, shorter height, tobacco use, lower socioeconomic status, obesity, and lower educational status of the parents in studies conducted among children. Decision analysis models suggest preventing acquisition of H. pylori, via vaccination in childhood, could be cost-effective and may reduce incidence of gastric cancer by over 40%. As yet, no country has adopted public health measures to treat infected individuals or prevent infection in populations at risk.
本文总结了 2009 年 4 月至 2010 年 3 月发表的有关幽门螺杆菌感染的流行病学和公共卫生影响的文献。感染的流行率在 7%至 87%之间，欧洲的研究结果较低。所有检索到的研究均认为感染是人与人之间传播的。一项对急性肠胃炎患者的粪便和呕吐物样本进行的研究发现，88%的呕吐物和 74%的粪便样本中存在幽门螺杆菌 DNA。在儿童中进行的研究表明，感染的危险因素包括男性、年龄增长、身高较矮、吸烟、较低的社会经济地位、肥胖以及父母较低的教育程度。决策分析模型表明，通过儿童期疫苗接种预防幽门螺杆菌感染可能具有成本效益，并且可以使胃癌的发病率降低 40%以上。然而，迄今为止，尚无任何国家采取公共卫生措施来治疗感染者或预防高危人群感染。
