Department of Psychology and Sexuality, Marriage, and Family Studies, St. Jerome's University at the University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
J Homosex. 2010;57(10):1274-302. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2010.517074.
This study used a correlational design with a sample of university students to clarify the relationships between attitude functions and homonegativity with respect to gender. Classic work on attitude functions posits that attitudes serve psychological needs for the attitude holder. Herek (1986b) adapted this theory to explain attitudes toward homosexuality. Herek (1987) identified four functions: ego-defensive (defense of threats to the self), value-expressive (expression of key values), social-expressive (expression of important social norms), and experiential (based on past experiences). Results suggested that men were more likely to attribute their attitudes to the ego-defensive function. Men and women were equally likely to attribute their attitudes to the experiential function. The ego-defensive function was the best predictor of homonegativity for men and women, whether they held generally positive or generally negative attitudes toward homosexuality. The experiential function did not predict homonegativity. Participants tended to be neither very homonegative nor very ego-defensive.
本研究采用相关设计，选取大学生样本，旨在厘清态度功能与性别相关的同性恋憎恶之间的关系。经典的态度功能理论认为，态度满足了态度持有者的心理需求。Herek（1986b）将这一理论应用于解释对同性恋的态度。Herek（1987）确定了四种功能：自我防御（防御对自我的威胁）、价值表达（表达关键价值观）、社会表达（表达重要的社会规范）和体验（基于过去的经验）。结果表明，男性更倾向于将自己的态度归因于自我防御功能。男性和女性将自己的态度归因于体验功能的可能性相同。无论男性和女性对同性恋的态度是普遍积极还是普遍消极，自我防御功能都是同性恋憎恶的最佳预测指标。体验功能不能预测同性恋憎恶。参与者往往既不是非常同性恋憎恶，也不是非常自我防御。
