Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2011 Mar;26(1):143-9. doi: 10.1037/a0021055.
While episodic memory declines with age, metacognitive monitoring is spared. The current study explored whether older adults can use their preserved metacognitive knowledge to make source guesses in the absence of source memory. Through repetition, words from two sources (italic vs. bold text type) differed in memorability. There were no age differences in monitoring this difference despite an age difference in memory. Older adults used their metacognitive knowledge to make source guesses but showed a deficit in varying their source guessing based on word recognition. Therefore, older adults may not fully benefit from metacognitive knowledge about sources in source monitoring.
虽然情节记忆会随着年龄的增长而衰退，但元认知监测却不会受到影响。本研究探讨了老年人是否可以利用他们保留的元认知知识在没有源记忆的情况下进行来源猜测。通过重复，来自两个来源（斜体与粗体文本类型）的单词在可记性上存在差异。尽管在记忆方面存在年龄差异，但在监测这种差异方面，老年人和年轻人没有差异。老年人利用他们的元认知知识进行来源猜测，但在根据单词识别来改变来源猜测方面存在缺陷。因此，老年人可能无法完全从关于源的元认知知识中受益于源监测。
