Sanmartín-Suárez Carolina, Soto-Otero Ramón, Sánchez-Sellero Inés, Méndez-Álvarez Estefanía
Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, San Francisco 1, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2011 Mar-Apr;63(2):209-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vascn.2010.10.004. Epub 2010 Nov 6.
Dimethyl sulfoxide is an amphiphilic compound whose miscibility with water and its ability to dissolve lipophilic compounds make it an appreciated solvent in biomedical research. However, its reported antioxidant properties raise doubts about its use as a solvent in evaluating new antioxidants. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate its antioxidant properties and carry out a comparative study on the antioxidant properties of some known neuroprotective antioxidants in the presence and absence of dimethyl sulfoxide.
The antioxidant properties of dimethyl sulfoxide were studied in rat brain homogenates by determining its ability to reduce both lipid peroxidation (TBARS formation) and protein oxidation (increase in protein carbonyl content and decrease in free thiol content) induced by ferrous chloride/hydrogen peroxide. Its ability to reduce the production of hydroxyl radicals by 6-hydroxydopamine autoxidation was also estimated. The same study was also performed with three known antioxidants (α-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane; 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide) in the presence and absence of dimethyl sulfoxide.
Our results showed that dimethyl sulfoxide is able to reduce both lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl formation induced by ferrous chloride/hydrogen peroxide in rat brain homogenates. It can also reduce the production of hydroxyl radicals during 6-hydroxydopamine autoxidation. However, it increases the oxidation of protein thiol groups caused by ferrous chloride/hydrogen peroxide in rat brain homogenate.
Despite the here reported antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of dimethyl sulfoxide, the results obtained with α-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone, 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane, and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide corroborate the antioxidant properties attributed to these compounds and support the potential use of dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent in the study of the antioxidant properties of lipophilic compounds.
Dimethyl sulfoxide is a very useful solvent that may be used at relatively low concentrations in the development of new antioxidants with neuroprotective properties.
二甲基亚砜是一种两亲性化合物，它与水的互溶性及其溶解亲脂性化合物的能力使其成为生物医学研究中一种备受青睐的溶剂。然而，其已报道的抗氧化特性引发了人们对其作为评估新型抗氧化剂的溶剂的使用的质疑。本研究的目的是评估其二甲基亚砜的抗氧化特性，并对一些已知的神经保护抗氧化剂在有和无二甲基亚砜存在的情况下的抗氧化特性进行比较研究。
通过测定二甲基亚砜在大鼠脑匀浆中减少由氯化亚铁/过氧化氢诱导的脂质过氧化（硫代巴比妥酸反应物形成）和蛋白质氧化（蛋白质羰基含量增加和游离巯基含量减少）的能力，研究其二甲基亚砜的抗氧化特性。还估计了其二甲基亚砜减少6-羟基多巴胺自氧化产生的羟基自由基的能力。在有和无二甲基亚砜存在的情况下，对三种已知的抗氧化剂（α-苯基-N-叔丁基硝酮；2-甲基-2-亚硝基丙烷；5,5-二甲基-1-吡咯啉N-氧化物）进行了同样的研究。
我们的结果表明，二甲基亚砜能够减少大鼠脑匀浆中由氯化亚铁/过氧化氢诱导的脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基形成。它还可以减少6-羟基多巴胺自氧化过程中羟基自由基的产生。然而，它会增加大鼠脑匀浆中由氯化亚铁/过氧化氢引起的蛋白质巯基基团的氧化。
尽管此处报道了二甲基亚砜的抗氧化和促氧化特性，但用α-苯基-N-叔丁基硝酮、2-甲基-2-亚硝基丙烷和5,5-二甲基-1-吡咯啉N-氧化物获得的结果证实了归因于这些化合物的抗氧化特性，并支持二甲基亚砜作为亲脂性化合物抗氧化特性研究中的溶剂的潜在用途。
二甲基亚砜是一种非常有用的溶剂，可在开发具有神经保护特性的新型抗氧化剂时以相对较低的浓度使用。
