MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Nov 12;59(44):1439-43.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that typically begins in childhood and often persists into adulthood. ADHD is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention and hyperactivity resulting in functional impairment in academic, family, and social settings. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, with previous reports documenting increasing trends in prevalence during the past decade and increases in ADHD medication use. National estimates of the number of children reported by their parents to have ever been diagnosed with ADHD and the percentage of children with ADHD currently taking ADHD medications were published in 2005 using data from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). This report describes results from the second administration of NSCH in 2007, which indicated that the percentage of children aged 4-17 years with a parent-reported ADHD diagnosis (ever) increased from 7.8% to 9.5% during 2003-2007, representing a 21.8% increase in 4 years. The findings in this report help to further characterize the substantial impact of ADHD on families.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经行为障碍，通常始于儿童期，并且经常持续到成年期。ADHD 的特征是注意力不集中和过度活跃的发育不适当水平，导致在学术、家庭和社会环境中的功能受损。ADHD 是儿童中最常见的神经行为障碍，以前的报告记录了在过去十年中患病率呈上升趋势，以及 ADHD 药物使用的增加。2005 年，根据 2003 年全国儿童健康调查（NSCH）的数据，公布了父母报告的曾经被诊断患有 ADHD 的儿童人数和目前正在服用 ADHD 药物的儿童百分比的全国估计数。本报告描述了 2007 年第二次 NSCH 管理的数据结果，该结果表明，2003-2007 年间，年龄在 4-17 岁的儿童中，有父母报告的 ADHD 诊断（曾有）的比例从 7.8%增加到 9.5%，在 4 年内增加了 21.8%。本报告中的发现有助于进一步描述 ADHD 对家庭的重大影响。
