European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Nature. 2010 Nov 11;468(7321):203-12. doi: 10.1038/nature09563.
Psychotic syndromes can be understood as disorders of adaptation to social context. Although heritability is often emphasized, onset is associated with environmental factors such as early life adversity, growing up in an urban environment, minority group position and cannabis use, suggesting that exposure may have an impact on the developing 'social' brain during sensitive periods. Therefore heritability, as an index of genetic influence, may be of limited explanatory power unless viewed in the context of interaction with social effects. Longitudinal research is needed to uncover gene-environment interplay that determines how expression of vulnerability in the general population may give rise to more severe psychopathology.
精神病综合征可以被理解为对社会环境适应的障碍。尽管遗传常常被强调，但发病与环境因素有关，如童年逆境、在城市环境中成长、少数群体地位和大麻使用，这表明在敏感时期，暴露可能会对发育中的“社会”大脑产生影响。因此，遗传率作为遗传影响的指标，其解释力可能有限，除非结合社会效应来看待。需要进行纵向研究以揭示决定一般人群易感性表达如何导致更严重精神病理的基因-环境相互作用。
