Reingold I M, Smith B R
Arch Dermatol. 1978 Jul;114(7):1045-6.
Three cases of hepatomas metastasized to the skin in a series of 88 patients with hepatomas. The skin metastases differed from the usual dermal nodules, such as fibromas, inflammatory granulomas, and adnexal tumors, by their rather sudden appearance as solitary or multiple, nonulcerative, painless, firm, reddish-blue nodules on the scalp, chest, and shoulder. Biopsies of these nodules were necessary in order to confirm the diagnosis of the cutaneous metastases, which appeared before the primary tumors were recognized. Microscopically, the skin tumors were adenocarcinomas in two instances and hepatocellular carcinoma in one. The skin metastases were a late manifestation of the primary tumors; the patients died within three weeks to six months after the appearance of skin tumors. Necropsies showed widespread metastases.
在88例肝癌患者中，有3例发生了肝癌皮肤转移。这些皮肤转移瘤与常见的皮肤结节不同，如纤维瘤、炎性肉芽肿和附属器肿瘤，其表现为相当突然地出现，为孤立或多发、无溃疡、无痛、质地坚硬、呈红蓝色的结节，位于头皮、胸部和肩部。为了确诊皮肤转移瘤，需要对这些结节进行活检，这些转移瘤在原发性肿瘤被识别之前就已出现。显微镜下，2例皮肤肿瘤为腺癌，1例为肝细胞癌。皮肤转移是原发性肿瘤的晚期表现；患者在皮肤肿瘤出现后3周内至6个月内死亡。尸检显示有广泛转移。
