Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health and.
Int J Womens Health. 2010 Aug 9;2:23-35. doi: 10.2147/ijwh.s5782.
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common cause of perinatal viral infection in the developed world, resulting in approximately 40,000 congenitally infected infants in the United States each year. Congenital CMV infection can produce varying degrees of neurodevelopmental disabilities. The significant impact of congenital CMV has led the Institute of Medicine to rank development of a CMV vaccine as a top priority. Vaccine development has been ongoing; however no licensed CMV vaccine is currently available. Treatment of pregnant women with CMV hyperimmune globulin has shown promising results, but has not been studied in randomized controlled trials. Education on methods to prevent CMV transmission, particularly among young women of child-bearing age, should continue until a CMV vaccine becomes available. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, prevention strategies, and treatment of CMV infections are reviewed.
人巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染是发达国家围产期病毒感染的最常见原因，每年导致美国约有 40000 名先天性感染婴儿。先天性 CMV 感染可导致不同程度的神经发育障碍。先天性 CMV 的显著影响导致医学研究所将开发 CMV 疫苗列为首要任务。疫苗的开发一直在进行中；然而，目前尚无获得许可的 CMV 疫苗。用 CMV 高免疫球蛋白治疗孕妇已显示出有希望的结果，但尚未在随机对照试验中进行研究。应继续进行有关预防 CMV 传播方法的教育，特别是在育龄年轻妇女中，直到获得 CMV 疫苗为止。本文回顾了 CMV 感染的流行病学、临床表现、预防策略和治疗方法。
