Division of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Dec;21(8):1151-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01020.x.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key mediator in the local immune response of human airways. Inducible NO-synthases (iNOS), and endothelial NO-synthases (eNOS) are two enzymes known to regulate its production. The role of NO in middle ear disease is not fully known. Previous studies suggest that NO might have a dual role, both promoting and suppressing middle ear inflammation. The aim of the present study was to compare the eNOS and iNOS expression in adenoids obtained from children with otitis media with effusion (OME) with the expression seen in adenoids derived from children without middle ear disease. In addition, the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α were analyzed, because of their role in the iNOS-induction pathway. The iNOS and eNOS expression were analyzed with real-time PCR in 8 OME and 11 control adenoids. The corresponding proteins were demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining of adenoid tissue. A Luminex(®) assay was performed to analyze IL-1β and TNF-α in nasopharyngeal secretion in 10 OME and 8 controls, and immunohistochemistry was performed on adenoid tissue and imprints from the adenoid surface. Children with OME exhibited lower levels of iNOS than controls without middle ear disease. No such difference was seen for eNOS. The corresponding proteins were found mainly in conjunction with surface epithelium. No significant changes were seen among the cytokines tested. The present results indicate that local induction of iNOS in adenoids might be of importance for preventing development of OME.
一氧化氮（NO）是人类气道局部免疫反应的关键介质。诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）是两种已知调节其产生的酶。NO 在中耳疾病中的作用尚未完全明确。先前的研究表明，NO 可能具有双重作用，既能促进也能抑制中耳炎症。本研究旨在比较分泌性中耳炎（OME）患儿腺样体中 eNOS 和 iNOS 的表达与无中耳疾病患儿腺样体中的表达。此外，还分析了白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达，因为它们在 iNOS 诱导途径中发挥作用。使用实时 PCR 分析 8 例 OME 和 11 例对照腺样体中的 iNOS 和 eNOS 表达。通过对腺样体组织进行免疫组织化学染色来证明相应的蛋白质。通过 Luminex（®）检测对 10 例 OME 和 8 例对照患者的鼻咽分泌物中的 IL-1β和 TNF-α进行分析，并对腺样体组织和腺样体表面印痕进行免疫组织化学染色。与无中耳疾病的对照组相比，OME 患儿的 iNOS 水平较低。而 eNOS 则无此差异。测试的细胞因子未见明显变化。本研究结果表明，腺样体中 iNOS 的局部诱导可能对预防 OME 的发生具有重要意义。
