Wilder Research, St. Paul, Minnesota 55104, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Dec;39(6 Suppl 1):S37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.08.011.
Little research exists on exposure to the health risks of secondhand smoke among women and children in African immigrant communities.
This exploratory study aims to understand the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure; assess levels of awareness of the dangers of secondhand smoke; and identify strategies for building increased awareness of these issues in African immigrant communities in Minnesota.
Key informant interviews with ten African women community leaders, focus groups with 29 female African youth, and surveys of 223 African women were conducted between August 2008 and March 2009. The focus groups and key informant interviews were in English, and the surveys were in English, French, Oromo, and Somali.
Over one quarter of African women reported daily exposure to cigarette smoke, and one in ten women reported daily exposure to smoke from shisha (fruit-flavored tobacco smoked in a hookah or waterpipe). Many respondents had general awareness of the health impacts of tobacco smoke, but some were unsure. The majority felt that increased awareness was badly needed in their communities. Awareness of the health impacts of shisha smoking was particularly low. Strategies for increasing awareness include: using media and visual images, attending large gatherings, and appealing to community members' priorities, including protecting their children.
Exposure to secondhand smoke among women and children in African immigrant communities in Minnesota is substantial. Awareness about the health impacts of secondhand smoke exposure in these communities needs to be increased. Disseminating visual information at existing community gatherings or appealing to individual priorities may be the best approaches to increase awareness and motivate change.
针对非洲移民社区的妇女和儿童接触二手烟健康风险的情况，相关研究很少。
本探索性研究旨在了解二手烟暴露的普遍程度；评估对二手烟危害的认识程度；并确定在明尼苏达州的非洲移民社区中增强对这些问题的认识的策略。
2008 年 8 月至 2009 年 3 月期间，对 10 位非洲妇女社区领袖进行了关键知情人访谈，对 29 位非洲青年女性进行了焦点小组讨论，并对 223 位非洲妇女进行了调查。焦点小组和关键知情人访谈使用英语进行，而调查则使用英语、法语、奥罗莫语和索马里语进行。
超过四分之一的非洲妇女报告每天接触香烟烟雾，十分之一的妇女报告每天接触水烟（在水烟或水烟管中吸食的水果味烟草）烟雾。许多受访者对烟草烟雾的健康影响有一般的认识，但也有一些人不确定。大多数人认为他们的社区迫切需要提高认识。对水烟吸烟对健康影响的认识特别低。提高认识的策略包括：使用媒体和视觉图像、参加大型聚会、并呼吁社区成员的优先事项，包括保护他们的孩子。
明尼苏达州非洲移民社区的妇女和儿童接触二手烟的情况相当多。需要提高这些社区对二手烟暴露健康影响的认识。在现有的社区聚会上传播视觉信息或呼吁个人的优先事项可能是提高认识和激发变革的最佳方法。
