Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Chinese Taiwan.
Water Sci Technol. 2010;62(10):2450-8. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.476.
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) constitute a class of chemicals of emerging concern due to the potential risks they pose to organisms and the environment, even at low concentrations (ng/L). Recent studies have found that PPCPs are not efficiently removed in secondary wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study has: (1) simultaneously investigated the occurrence of sixty-one PPCPs using solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, (2) evaluated removal efficiencies of target PPCPs in six WWTPs that discharge effluents into major Taiwanese rivers, and lastly (3) examined matrix interference during analysis of target PPCPs in water samples. The twenty target PPCPs were chosen for their high detection frequencies, high influent concentrations, and stability during wastewater treatment processes. Caffeine and acetaminophen were detected at the highest concentrations (as high as 24,467 and 33,400 ng/L) and were effectively removed (both >96%); other PPCPs were detected in the high ng/L range but were not effectively removed. Matrix interference (by ion suppression or enhancement) during the analysis resulted in underestimation of the removal efficiencies of erythromycin-H(2)O, cefazolin, clarithromycin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, clofibric acid and gemfibrozil.
药品和个人护理用品（PPCPs）由于其对生物体和环境构成的潜在风险（即使浓度很低，也在纳克/升范围内），被认为是一类新兴的关注化学品。最近的研究发现，PPCPs 并不能有效地在二级污水处理厂（WWTP）中去除。本研究：（1）采用固相萃取和高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测了 61 种 PPCPs 的存在情况，（2）评估了排入台湾主要河流的 6 个 WWTP 中目标 PPCPs 的去除效率，（3）考察了水样中目标 PPCPs 分析过程中的基质干扰。选择这 20 种目标 PPCPs 是因为它们的检出频率高、进水浓度高且在污水处理过程中稳定。咖啡因和对乙酰氨基酚的浓度最高（高达 24467 和 33400ng/L），去除效果很好（均>96%）；其他 PPCPs 的浓度也很高，但去除效果不佳。分析过程中的基质干扰（离子抑制或增强）导致红霉素-H2O、头孢唑林、克拉霉素、布洛芬、双氯芬酸、氯贝酸和吉非贝齐的去除效率被低估。
