University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2010 Nov-Dec;37(6):677-82. doi: 10.1097/WON.0b013e3181feb017.
The study aimed to describe modifications in diet and eating patterns made by community-living people to manage fecal incontinence (FI), and to compare these differences according to sex, age, and FI severity.
Subjects were 188 community-living adults (77% female, 92% white, 34% aged 65 years or older) in the upper Midwest who participated in a study about managing FI with dietary fiber.
Subjects were interviewed about diet and eating pattern changes that they made to manage FI, and self-reported demographic data. FI severity was recorded daily.
Fifty-five percent of participants perceived that some foods worsen their FI (eg, fatty or spicy foods and dairy products). More women than men (40% vs 18%, P = .008) reported avoiding foods to manage FI. A greater percentage of younger than older people believed that fatty/greasy foods (15% vs 4%) and alcohol (14% vs 3%) worsened their FI. Subjects with a higher FI severity score appeared to wait until FI was more severe before restricting caffeine than those with lower severity scores (22.2 ± 9.8 vs 11.69 ± 8.3, P = .034). One-third of subjects consumed foods rich in dietary fiber to prevent FI. Subjects also reported altered eating or cooking patterns, skipping meals, or eating at consistent times to manage FI.
Diet modification for managing FI incorporates restriction of some foods, along with adding others foods to the diet. Nursing assessments of self-care practices for FI should include diet and eating pattern changes when developing a plan of care.
本研究旨在描述社区居住者为管理粪便失禁（FI）而改变的饮食和进食模式，并根据性别、年龄和 FI 严重程度比较这些差异。
本研究受试者为中西部上地区的 188 名社区居住的成年人（77%为女性，92%为白人，34%年龄在 65 岁或以上），他们参与了一项关于用膳食纤维管理 FI 的研究。
受试者接受了有关饮食和进食模式变化的访谈，这些变化是为了管理 FI，并自我报告人口统计学数据。FI 严重程度每天记录。
55%的参与者认为某些食物会加重他们的 FI（例如，高脂肪或辛辣食物和乳制品）。与男性（40%对 18%，P=0.008）相比，更多的女性报告避免食用食物来管理 FI。与老年人相比，更多的年轻人认为高脂肪/油腻食物（15%对 4%）和酒精（14%对 3%）会加重他们的 FI。FI 严重程度评分较高的受试者似乎比严重程度评分较低的受试者更晚限制咖啡因（22.2±9.8 对 11.69±8.3，P=0.034）。三分之一的受试者食用富含膳食纤维的食物来预防 FI。受试者还报告改变了饮食或烹饪模式、跳过餐食或定时进食以管理 FI。
管理 FI 的饮食调整包括限制某些食物，并在饮食中添加其他食物。护理人员在制定护理计划时，应将 FI 的自我护理实践的饮食和进食模式改变纳入评估。
