Cardiology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital/The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2011 Jul-Aug;26(4):E27-35. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0b013e3181ee5fb2.
Patient education is an important intervention for the management of heart failure; however, in practice patient education varies considerably.
: To systematically review educational interventions that have been implemented for heart failure patients and assess their effectiveness.
Randomized controlled trials from 1998 to 2008 in CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, EMBASE, and Cochrane were reviewed using the following search terms: patient education, education, educational intervention, self-care in combination with heart failure. There were 1515 abstracts reviewed independently by 2 reviewers.
A total of 2686 patients were included in the 19 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Commonly, the initial educational intervention was a one-on-one didactic session conducted by nurses supplemented by written materials and multimedia approaches. Seven studies referred to a theoretical model as a framework for their educational intervention. Studies used a variety of outcome measures to evaluate their effectiveness. Of the studies reviewed, 15 demonstrated a significant effect from their intervention in at least one of their outcome measures.
All we hope from patient education has not yet been realized. Despite improvements in knowledge, we have variable results in outcomes, and this is very likely related to the heterogeneity of the studies included in this review. It was difficult to establish the most effective educational strategy as the educational interventions varied considerably in delivery methods and duration as well as the outcome measures that were used for the evaluation. A patient-centered approach to education based on educational theory and evaluated appropriately may assist to develop an evidence base for patient education.
患者教育是心力衰竭管理的重要干预措施；然而，在实践中，患者教育差异很大。
系统评价已为心力衰竭患者实施的教育干预措施及其效果。
对 1998 年至 2008 年 CINAHL、MEDLINE、PsychInfo、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 中的随机对照试验进行了回顾，使用了以下搜索词：患者教育、教育、教育干预、心力衰竭患者的自我护理。有 1515 篇摘要由 2 位评审员独立审查。
共有 19 项符合纳入标准的研究纳入了 2686 名患者。通常，最初的教育干预是由护士进行的一对一的教学课程，辅以书面材料和多媒体方法。有 7 项研究将理论模型作为其教育干预的框架。研究使用了各种结果测量来评估其效果。在回顾的研究中，有 15 项研究在至少一项结果测量中显示出干预的显著效果。
我们对患者教育的所有期望都还没有实现。尽管知识有所提高，但我们的结果在结果上存在差异，这很可能与本综述中纳入的研究的异质性有关。由于教育干预在交付方法和持续时间以及用于评估的结果测量方面差异很大，因此很难确定最有效的教育策略。基于教育理论并进行适当评估的以患者为中心的教育方法可能有助于为患者教育建立证据基础。
