Dawkins H J, Johnson R B, Spencer T L, Adler B
Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Benalla, Vic., Australia.
Immunol Cell Biol. 1990 Feb;68 ( Pt 1):57-61. doi: 10.1038/icb.1990.8.
Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is an infectious disease of cattle and buffalo caused by particular serotypes of Pasteurella multocida and is one of the most economically important livestock diseases in South-East Asia. While HS has been recognized for many years, very little is understood about the disease, primarily because of the expense of cattle and a lack of suitable animal models. The suitability of using mice to study HS was assessed using parameters such as the critical pathogenic dose, kinetics of infection, pathology of disease and resistance to reinfection. Pasteurella multocida M1404, the type strain for Carter group B, the serotype responsible for Asian HS, was injected intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice. As few as 20 colony forming units produced an overwhelming septicaemia in mice in less than 30 h. The kinetics of infection demonstrated a very rapid in vivo multiplication rate. There was no evidence of inhibition of bacterial cell growth by natural host defence mechanisms, even with the very small inocula used. The gross pathology of the disease in mice was characterized by splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and petechial haemorrhages similar to that observed in cattle and buffalo with HS. Mice were found to develop a short-lived resistance to reinfection following a primary infection which had been successfully treated with antibiotics. The mouse would seem to provide an ideal tool by which to study HS, but warrant further studies in order to be able to critically assess it as a model for this economically important disease.
出血性败血症（HS）是由多杀性巴氏杆菌特定血清型引起的牛和水牛的一种传染病，是东南亚最具经济重要性的家畜疾病之一。虽然HS已被认识多年，但对该疾病的了解却很少，主要是因为牛的成本高且缺乏合适的动物模型。使用诸如关键致病剂量、感染动力学、疾病病理学和对再感染的抵抗力等参数评估了用小鼠研究HS的适用性。将卡特B组（负责亚洲HS的血清型）的模式菌株多杀性巴氏杆菌M1404腹腔注射到BALB/c小鼠体内。低至20个菌落形成单位在不到30小时内就在小鼠中引发了严重的败血症。感染动力学显示出非常快速的体内繁殖率。即使使用非常小的接种量，也没有证据表明天然宿主防御机制会抑制细菌细胞生长。小鼠疾病的大体病理学特征为脾肿大、淋巴结病和瘀点出血，与患有HS的牛和水牛中观察到的情况相似。发现小鼠在初次感染并用抗生素成功治疗后对再感染产生短暂的抵抗力。小鼠似乎提供了一个研究HS的理想工具，但需要进一步研究以便能够严格评估其作为这种具有经济重要性疾病的模型。
