Tao Shu, Wang Wentao, Liu Wenxin, Zuo Qian, Wang Xilong, Wang Rong, Wang Bin, Shen Guofeng, Yang Yuanhe, He Jin-shen
Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Jan;13(1):175-81. doi: 10.1039/c0em00298d. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
Eighty eight surface soil samples were collected from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDXs) and hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs). The measured concentrations were 51.8 ± 38.5 ng g(-1), 0.329 ± 0.818 ng g(-1), and 0.467 ± 0.741 ng g(-1) as means and standard deviations of PAHs, DDXs, and HCHs, respectively, which were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than those reported for eastern China. Significant differences were also revealed among four sub-areas within QTP. PAHs detected in the samples from the remote sub-areas of T'ang-ku-la/Hoh Xil Mountains and along the Qinghai-Tibet highway in the west and northwest of QTP were 1 order of magnitude lower than those from Lhasa and east Qinghai. The differences in soil OCPs among the sub-areas were 2-7 times. Soil PAHs were significantly correlated with emission density and soil organic carbon content (SOC), while OCPs were correlated significantly with the population density and SOC. Based on the calculated backward air mass trajectories and geographical distributions of emission and population, it was revealed that PAHs and OCPs accumulated in the soils in the west and northwest QTP were primarily from long-range transport and may represent the background levels of East Asia. This part of QTP can also serve as an important receptor area for regional or even global long-range transport study. The elevated concentrations of PAHs and OCPs in Lhasa and east Qinghai were mainly from local sources, while PAHs from adjacent Lanzhou area also contributed considerably to the accumulation of PAHs in east Qinghai.
采集了88份青藏高原表层土壤样本，用于测定多环芳烃（PAHs）和有机氯农药（OCPs），包括滴滴涕及其代谢物（DDXs）和六氯环己烷异构体（HCHs）。PAHs、DDXs和HCHs的测量浓度均值及标准差分别为51.8±38.5 ng g⁻¹、0.329±0.818 ng g⁻¹和0.467±0.741 ng g⁻¹，比中国东部地区报道的浓度低1 - 2个数量级。青藏高原四个子区域之间也存在显著差异。在青藏高原西部和西北部唐古拉/可可西里山脉偏远子区域以及青藏公路沿线采集的样本中检测到的PAHs比拉萨和青海东部的样本低1个数量级。子区域间土壤OCPs的差异为2 - 7倍。土壤PAHs与排放密度和土壤有机碳含量（SOC）显著相关，而OCPs与人口密度和SOC显著相关。根据计算的反向气团轨迹以及排放和人口的地理分布，发现青藏高原西部和西北部土壤中积累的PAHs和OCPs主要来自长距离传输，可能代表东亚的背景水平。青藏高原的这一区域也可作为区域乃至全球长距离传输研究的重要受体区域。拉萨和青海东部PAHs和OCPs浓度升高主要来自本地源，而相邻兰州地区的PAHs对青海东部PAHs的积累也有相当大的贡献。
